1 Adi Parva. Lineages, Sacrifice, Destiny, War, and Dharma. 18/236 919.4 12:46 
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3 Pauloma Parva. Ayoda-Dhaumya trials; Bhrigu lineage; Ruru learns mercy; serpent sacrifice.
9 17.3 14:25
| 4 Ayoda-Dhaumya's disciples endured tests, invoking divine help. Upamanyu regained his sight, and Aruni used his body to block water. Janamejaya avenged his father's death with a snake sacrifice. |
| 5 Saunaka asks Sauti about the Bhrigu race's history. |
| 6 "Sauti said, 'The Rakshasa seized her, Chyavana dropped, Rakshasa turned ashes.'" |
| 7 Agni argued his case; Brahma resolved it, preserving purity. |
| 8 Chyavana, son of Bhrigu, begot Pramati, who begot Ruru. |
| 9 "Sauti said, 'Ruru wept in the forest; a heavenly messenger revived Pramadvara.'" |
| 10 Ruru spared Dundubha, a cursed Rishi, from being killed. |
| 11 Sauti continued: 'A Brahmana should be mild and spare life.' |
| 12 Sauti continued, 'Ruru asked about Janamejaya's serpent sacrifice and Astika's intervention.' |
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4 Astika Parva. Astika, Garuda, Nagas, ocean churning, curses, mercy, lineage preserved. 42 76.8 1:04
| 13 Jaratkaru seeks marriage to save his ancestors' lineage. |
| 14 Vasuki offered his sister Jaratkaru, and Jaratkaru accepted her. |
| 15 Sauti said, "Astika saved the Nagas and fulfilled his sacred duties." |
| 16 Saunaka requested Sauti to narrate Astika's story. Sauti began with Prajapati's daughters Kadru and Vinata marrying Kasyapa. |
| 17 Sauti said, 'The divine steed Uchchaihsravas arose from the Ocean.' |
| 18 Gods and Asuras churn ocean for nectar, Shiva swallows poison. |
| 19 Vishnu retrieves Amrita, beheads Rahu, and defeats Danavas. |
| 20 Kadru cursed her sons, the snakes, to be consumed by Agni. |
| 21 Sauti described the Ocean, vast and deep, full of creatures. |
| 22 Nagas obeyed Kadru, transforming into horse tail hairs. |
| 23 Garuda, born from an egg, grew rapidly, his splendor equal to fire. |
| 24 Garuda diminished his size and energy, then flew to his mother's side with Aruna. |
| 25 Garuda carried snakes on his back, but they swooned in the Sun's heat. |
| 26 Indra's clouds poured water, flooding the earth, delighting the snakes. |
| 27 Nagas arrived at the island, asked Garuda for another fair island, and demanded amrita for freedom. |
| 28 Garuda asked Vinata what to eat, and she told him to eat Nishadas, warning him to spare Brahmanas. |
| 29 Kasyapa told Garuda to eat an elephant and tortoise, formerly brothers cursed by greed. |
| 30 Garuda flew to Gandhamadana, warned by Kasyapa, and later flew off after eating his prey, prompting the gods to prepare for battle. |
| 31 Indra insulted the Valakhilyas, leading to Garuda's birth as a powerful bird. |
| 32 Garuda attacked the gods, mangled the Yakshas, and extinguished the fire to reach the amrita. |
| 33 Garuda obtained the Soma, met Vishnu, and became his carrier, casting a admired feather after Indra's thunderbolt. |
| 34 Garuda boasted about his strength, refused to give Indra the Soma, and devoured the snakes. |
| 35 Saunaka asked Sauti to list the principal snakes, and Sauti recited 64 names. |
| 36 Sesha, the eldest snake, supported the Earth with his head, earning Brahma's praise as the god Dharma. |
| 37 Vasuki sought to stop the sacrifice, rejecting his brothers' evil plans, seeking a righteous solution. |
| 38 Elapatra said fate was the snakes' only refuge, and Vasuki's sister's marriage to Rishi Jaratkaru would be their release. |
| 39 Vasuki raised his sister Jaratkaru, appealed to Brahma, and awaited the Rishi Jaratkaru's request for a wife to save their race. |
| 40 Saunaka asked about Jaratkaru's name and Astika's birth, leading to a story about King Parikshit's encounter with the silent Jaratkaru. |
| 41 Sringin cursed King Parikshit to die by snakebite, but his father Jaratkaru disapproved, advocating forgiveness. |
| 42 Samika tried to forgive the king and counsel his son, but Sringin's curse stood. The king built a protected mansion, while Kasyapa rushed to cure him. |
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5 Adivansavatarana Parva. Astika saves Nagas; Parikshit dies; Janamejaya’s sacrifice halted; epic begins. 6 78.8 1:05:40
| 43 Takshaka challenged Kasyapa, then deceived the king with poisoned fruit, killing him. |
| 44 Janamejaya, a wise and brave young king, married Vapushtama and lived happily. |
| 45 Jaratkaru's ancestors, trapped in a hole, begged him to save them by having a son. |
| 46 Jaratkaru sought a bride with his name, to save his ancestors. Vasuki offered a maiden, but Jaratkaru hesitated. |
| 47 Vasuki's sister married Jaratkaru, became pregnant, and woke him for prayers, but he left, revealing their child's future virtue. |
| 48 Jaratkaru's wife went to Vasuki, distraught over her husband's departure. Vasuki hoped for a son to save their race, and she gave birth to radiant Astika. |
| 49 Janamejaya asked about his father Parikshit's life and death, learning that he was a virtuous king who was cursed by a Rishi while hunting. |
| 50 Janamejaya vowed to avenge his father's death, killed by Takshaka's poison, and exterminate the snake race. |
| 51 Janamejaya vows snake-sacrifice revenge; priests prepare ritual, ominous Brahmin foretold. |
| 52 Snake-sacrifice begins; countless serpents, terrified and cursed, fall screaming into fire. |
| 53 Ritwiks named; snakes burn; Takshaka shelters Indra; Vasuki summons Astika. |
| 54 Jaratkaru charges Astika; curse revealed; Astika vows stopping Janamejaya’s sacrifice. |
| 55 Astika praises Janamejaya, likening sacrifice, splendor, strength to gods. |
| 56 Astika refuses riches, stops sacrifice as Takshaka is drawn toward fire. |
| 57 Sauti lists countless cursed serpents of many races burned. |
| 58 Astika halts sacrifice, saves snakes; tale dispels fear forever. |
| 59 Saunaka requests Mahabharata; Sauti begins Vyasa’s sacred epic recitation. |
| 60 Vyasa arrives; honored by Janamejaya; orders Vaisampayana to recite epic. |
| 61 Vaisampayana recounts Pandavas’ trials, exile, victories, and war’s end. |
| 62 Janamejaya requests whole epic; Vaisampayana begins sacred Mahabharata narration. |
| 63 Origins of kings and sages lead to Kurukshetra war, dharma prevails. |
| 64 Gods incarnate as Kshatriyas; Pandavas righteous, Kauravas greedy, war follows. |
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6 Sambhava Parva. Mahabharata origins: lineages, virtue, pride, exile, alliances, destiny shaping war.
78 341.1 4:44
| 65 Genealogy of gods and beings; sacred hearing grants fortune, fame. |
| 66 Cosmic genealogy of gods and creatures; sacred recitation purifies listeners. |
| 67 Brahma’s sons beget gods, demons, creatures; sacred genealogy purifies. |
| 68 Vaisampayana begins Kuru lineage; Dushmanta rules golden age virtuously. |
| 69 Janamejaya asks Bharata’s origins; Dushmanta hunts, displaying royal might. |
| 70 Dushmanta enters sacred forest asylum, awed by rishis and holiness. |
| 71 Dushmanta meets Sakuntala, learns birth from Menaka, raised by Kanwa. |
| 72 Indra sent Menaka; Viswamitra tempted; child born, protected, raised Kanwa. |
| 73 Dushmanta weds Sakuntala Gandharva; heir promised; Kanwa blesses future king. |
| 74 Sakuntala’s son revealed; king denies, gods affirm; Bharata crowned heir. |
| 75 Genealogy from Daksha to Yayati; Puru chosen; restraint triumphs desire. |
| 76 Kacha learns Sanjivani from Sukra through death, revival, sacrifice. |
| 77 Devayani proposes; Kacha refuses as sister; curses exchanged; Kacha departs. |
| 78 Sarmishtha insults Devayani, casts her into well; Yayati rescues her. |
| 79 Sukra teaches forgiveness; Devayani refuses humiliation, insists on honor. |
| 80 Sukra threatens departure; Vrishaparvan submits; Sarmishtha enslaved to Devayani willingly. |
| 81 Devayani chooses Yayati; Sukra consents; marriage blessed, Sarmishtha forbidden. |
| 82 Sarmishtha secretly bears Yayati’s son, breaking Sukra’s command. |
| 83 Devayani learns truth; Sukra curses Yayati; youth exchange with sons. |
| 84 Yayati seeks youth; sons refuse except Puru, who inherits honor. |
| 85 Yayati renounces pleasure, crowns obedient Puru, retires; dynasties diverge. |
| 86 Yayati ascetic, ascends heaven, falls, regains through austerities. |
| 87 Yayati recounts counsel to Puru: forgiveness, gentle speech, virtue supreme. |
| 88 Yayati boasts in heaven, falls through pride, welcomed by virtuous sages. |
| 89 Yayati explains fall from pride, recounts heavenly realms, accepts destiny humbly. |
| 90 Pride destroys merit; rebirth explained; humility alone opens heaven’s gates. |
| 91 Four life stages taught: disciplined study, charity, austerity, renunciation. |
| 92 Knowledge liberates instantly; merits refused; virtue must be self-earned. |
| 93 Yayati refuses gifts; ascends heaven with virtuous kings; truth exalted. |
| 94 Genealogy from Puru to Janamejaya, tracing Bharata, Kuru, Pandavas. |
| 95 Lineage from Manu through Yayati, Bharata, Pandavas to Janamejaya. |
| 96 Mahabhisha reborn Santanu; Ganga bears Vasus, drowns all but Bhishma. |
| 97 Pratipa offers Ganga to Santanu; Santanu weds under silence vow. |
| 98 Ganga reveals Vasus freed; leaves Santanu eighth son, destined Bhishma. |
| 99 Ganga explains Vasus’ curse; Devavrata survives, trained divinely, returns. |
| 100 Bhishma renounces throne, vows celibacy, secures Satyavati, gains choice boon. |
| 101 Chitrangada slain, Vichitravirya installed as king by Bhishma. |
| 102 Bhishma won three brides for Vichitravirya, but one left for another suitor. |
| 103 Satyavati begged Bhishma to marry, but he refused, citing his vow. |
| 104 Bhishma told the story of Dirghatamas, a blind Rishi who revived the Kshatriya race. |
| 105 Satyavati asked Vyasa to beget children with Vichitravirya's widows. |
| 106 Vyasa met the princess, who feared his appearance, and begot three sons. |
| 107 Mandavya, a devoted ascetic, was wrongly accused and impaled, leading to a curse. |
| 108 Mandavya cursed the god of justice to be born in the Sudra order, resulting in his birth as Vidura. |
| 109 The kingdom of the Kurus prospered, with a fertile land and happy people. |
| 110 Bhishma chose Gandhari, who married Dhritarashtra despite his blindness, and she pleased the Kurus with her devotion. |
| 111 Kunti summoned the sun god, Surya, and gave birth to Karna, who was abandoned and adopted by Radha and her husband. |
| 112 Pritha chose Pandu, the mighty king, in an assembly, and they were married with blessings. |
| 113 Bhishma arranged Pandu's marriage to Madri, and Pandu later conquered many kingdoms, returning to Hastinapura in triumph. |
| 114 Pandu retired to the woods, living freely with his wives, like a god. |
| 115 Gandhari bore 100 sons, including Duryodhana, and Dhritarashtra had Karna with a maid. |
| 116 Gandhari wished for a daughter, and the Rishi created Duhsala from a separate part. |
| 117 Dhritarashtra's 100 sons, including Duryodhana and Duhsasana, and daughter Duhsala. |
| 118 Pandu killed a deer (Rishi Kindama's son) during intercourse, receiving a curse: "You will die during sex." |
| 119 Pandu renounced his kingdom and family to lead a life of asceticism in the woods with his wives. |
| 120 Pandu asked Kunti to bear him a son through a Brahmana, citing a precedent. |
| 121 Kunti refused to consider another man, telling the story of Bhadra, who bore children through her dead husband's corpse, and urging Pandu to do the same. |
| 122 Pandu asked Kunti to bear a son through a Brahmana, revealing his own inability. Kunti agreed, revealing a boon to summon a celestial for a child, and Pandu chose the god of justice, Dharma. |
| 123 Kunti gave birth to Bhima and Arjuna, and celestials celebrated Arjuna's birth, announcing his greatness. Kunti refused Pandu's request to invoke another god. |
| 124 Madri asked Pandu for children, Kunti helped, and the twin Aswins fathered Nakula and Sahadeva. |
| 125 Pandu died in Madri's arms due to the curse. Madri joined him on the funeral pyre, with Kunti's permission. |
| 126 Rishis present Pandavas at Hastinapura; Pandu dead; Kurus accept heirs. |
| 127 Pandu’s grand funeral rites performed; Pandavas mourned, supported by Kurus. |
| 128 Duryodhana poisons Bhima; Nagas rescue him, grant immense strength. |
| 129 Bhima survives treachery, returns stronger; Pandavas silent; Kripa appointed teacher. |
| 130 Kripa born from heath; adopted by Santanu; trained, became famed arms-teacher.Kripa born from heath; adopted by Santanu; trained, became famed arms-teacher. |
| 131 Drona born from vessel, gains celestial arms, becomes famed teacher. |
| 132 Drona seeks friendship; Drupada scorns him; Drona vows vengeance. |
| 133 Drona impresses princes, becomes Kuru preceptor, seeks revenge on Drupada. |
| 134 Drona favors Arjuna; Ekalavya sacrifices thumb; Arjuna proves supreme. |
| 135 Drona favors Arjuna; Ekalavya sacrifices thumb; Arjuna proves supreme. |
| 136 Princes display arms before Hastinapura; Drona presents their martial mastery. |
| 137 Arjuna dazzles assembly; Pandavas and Kauravas revealed in splendor. |
| 138 Karna challenges Arjuna; Duryodhana crowns him Anga king, allies formed. |
| 139 Adhiratha revealed; Karna defended, allied Duryodhana; Kunti recognizes son. |
| 140 Princes capture Drupada for Drona; kingdom divided; rivalry endures. |
| 141 Yudhishthira named heir; Pandavas conquer widely; Dhritarashtra grows jealous. |
| 142 Kanika urges Dhritarashtra to destroy Pandavas through cunning, strategy. |
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9 Vaka-vadha Parva. Bhima saves towns; family sacrifice themes; sages guide Pandavas toward destiny.
8 22.8 19
| 159 Bhima slays Bakasura, saves Ekachakra town; Pandavas remain disguised. |
| 160 Brahmana’s wife offers herself to Bakasura, embodying selfless familial duty. |
| 161 Brahmana’s daughter offers sacrifice; Kunti intervenes, restores family hope. |
| 162 Pandavas dwell Himalayas; Arjuna meets Markandeya, receives guidance. |
| 163 Pandavas face Himalayan trials, learn dharma, guided by sages. |
| 164 Yudhishthira learns from sages, deepens wisdom, resolves to uphold dharma. |
| 165 Pandavas gain divine weapons, blessings, strength, preparing to reclaim kingdom. |
| 166 Arjuna performs penance, gains celestial weapons, aids Pandavas’ future battles. |
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10 Chaitraratha Parva. Pandavas exile, alliances, dharma; vengeance restrained; lineage preserved; return foretold. 19 65 54:10
| 167 Pandavas endure exile, win allies, prove strength, rightful heirs. |
| 168 Pandavas travel widely, battle demons, gain allies, uphold righteousness. |
| 169 Pandavas tested by adversity, uphold dharma, overcome obstacles successfully. |
| 170 Pandavas gather allies, divine support, prepare to reclaim kingdom. |
| 171 Pandavas face challenges, demonstrate leadership, perseverance, unwavering purpose. |
| 172 Pandavas plan strategically, negotiate alliances, strengthen position, uphold righteousness. |
| 173 Pandavas’ journey brings trials, wisdom, preparing them to reclaim kingdom. |
| 174 Pandavas build alliances, plan return strategically, remain committed to cause. |
| 175 Pandavas endure trials, show resilience, determination, advance toward success. |
| 176 Pandavas form alliances, plan carefully, uphold dharma through complexities. |
| 177 Pandavas intensify efforts, plan strategically, alliances crucial for victory. |
| 178 Pandavas prepare strategically, near journey’s end, overcoming obstacles with resolve. |
| 179 Pandavas finalize preparations, face challenges, rely on strategy and alliances. |
| 180 Pandavas reach climax, prepare final battle, guided by dharma, strategy. |
| 181 Aurva seeks vengeance; Pitris restrain wrath, counsel peace and wisdom. |
| 182 Aurva casts wrath into ocean, becoming Vadavamukha, sparing worlds. |
| 183 Parasara’s sacrifice halted by sages, urged peace over vengeance. |
| 184 Cursed Kalmashapada spared lineage; Vasishtha fathers heir with queen. |
| 185 Pandavas appoint Dhaumya priest, receive blessings, kingdom foretold restored. |
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11 Swayamvara Parva. Arjuna wins Draupadi; battles erupt; Pandavas revealed; shared marriage accepted.
9 27.5 22:55
| 186 Pandavas invited to Draupadi’s swayamvara, travel with Brahmanas eagerly. |
| 187 Pandavas reach Panchala; stay potter’s house; Draupadi’s swayamvara announced rules. |
| 188 Kings, Kauravas, Karna assemble; many suitors compete for Draupadi. |
| 189 Princes fail swayamvara trial; Arjuna steps forward, raising anticipation. |
| 190 Arjuna strings bow, hits mark, wins Draupadi amid celebration.
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| 191 Enraged kings attack; Bhima, Arjuna defend; Krishna recognizes Pandavas. |
| 192 Disguised Arjuna, Bhima defeat Karna, Salya; Krishna halts battle. |
| 193 Kunti’s words lead Draupadi shared; brothers agree; Krishna rejoices. |
| 194 Dhrishtadyumna discovers Pandavas; reports identity to Drupada, easing concerns. |
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15 Arjuna-vanavasa Parva. Arjuna exiles himself, gains boons, marriages, pilgrimages, reunites with Krishna.
6 14.2 41:40
| 215 Arjuna protects cattle, violates rule, self-exiles twelve years dutifully. |
| 216 Arjuna meets Ulupi, yields compassionately, gains boon of aquatic invincibility. |
| 217 Arjuna marries Chitrangada, begets heir for Manipura, continues pilgrimage. |
| 218 Arjuna frees cursed Apsara from crocodile form through strength. |
| 219 Arjuna frees cursed Apsaras, reunites with family, continues pilgrimage. |
| 220 Arjuna reunites with Krishna, welcomed at Dwaraka, celebrates together. |
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18 Arjuna-vanavasa Parva. Agni burns Khandava aided by Arjuna, Krishna; boons granted, foes defeated.
13 46.9 39:05
| 224 Pandavas rule virtuously; Arjuna, Krishna enjoy Yamuna; radiant Brahmana arrives. |
| 225 Agni consumes Khandava forest aided by Arjuna, Krishna, regains strength. |
| 226 Agni seeks Arjuna, Krishna’s aid; grants weapons to burn Khandava. |
| 227 Agni arms Arjuna, Krishna; Gandiva, discus prepare Khandava’s burning. |
| 228 Arjuna, Krishna burn Khandava, defeat Indra’s rain, creatures perish. |
| 229 Arjuna, Krishna battle Indra, repel celestials; Agni roars victorious. |
| 230 Krishna, Arjuna defeat celestials; Indra concedes; Agni consumes Khandava. |
| 231 Sarngaka chicks spared as Agni honors Rishi Mandapala’s devotion. |
| 232 Jarita’s sons face forest fire bravely, refusing refuge, choosing noble death. |
| 233 Jarita’s sons reject escape, urge mother flee, accept fiery fate. |
| 234 Sarngaka brothers praise Agni; he spares them, burns forest instead. |
| 235 Mandapala reunited with children; family tensions aired; reconciliation follows forest fire. |
| 236 Agni grants boons; Arjuna gains Indra’s weapons, Krishna eternal friendship. |
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2 Sabhakriya Parva. Rajasuya Glory, Jarasandha Slain, Sisupala Killed, Dice Betrayal, Exile. 6/79 302.7 4.2
1 Sabhakriya. Maya’s wondrous palace, Krishna’s farewell, and Yudhishthira’s triumphant royal entry. 4 13 10:50
| 1 Maya Danava, grateful to Arjuna, built a celestial-like palace for Yudhishthira, impressing the Pandavas. |
| 2 Krishna bid farewell to the Pandavas, embracing them emotionally, and departed for Dwaraka. |
| 3 Maya built a golden palace for the Pandavas with a tank and charming grounds. |
| 4 King Yudhishthira entered the palace with athletes, mimes, and bards, surrounded by Rishis, kings, and Gandharvas. |
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2 Lokapala Sabhakhayana. Yudhishthira’s palace glory, Narada’s celestial sabhas, and Rajasuya counsel divine. 9 46.2 38:30
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3 Rajasuyarambha. Krishna warns Jarasandha blocks Rajasuya; Arjuna urges battle, Jarasandha’s fearsome origin. 6 23.6 19:40
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4 Jarasandhta-badha. Pandavas defeat Jarasandha, free kings, conquer directions, gather tribute triumphantly.
12 45.8 38:10
| 20 Krishna, Arjuna, and Bhima went to defeat Jarasandha, believed to be already beaten by the trio's strength. |
| 21 Krishna, Arjuna, and Bhima entered Magadha, broke the Chaityaka peak, and challenged Jarasandha to a fight. |
| 22 Krishna challenged Jarasandha to a fight, accusing him of wrongful capture and sacrifice of other kings. |
| 23 Bhima and Jarasandha engaged in a fierce wrestling match, fighting for 13 days until Bhima emerged victorious with a final blow. |
| 24 Krishna, Bhima, and Arjuna defeated Jarasandha, freeing Krishna's relatives and returning to Indraprastha in triumph. |
| 25 Arjuna and his brothers conquered their respective directions, with Yudhishthira's blessing. |
| 26 Arjuna conquered northern kingdoms and tribes, exacting tributes and uniting with kings. |
| 27 Arjuna conquered northern regions, obtained horses, and returned to Sakraprastha with wealth. |
| 28 Bhimasena conquered eastern kingdoms, defeating Rochamana and others. |
| 29 Bhima conquered many kingdoms, defeating powerful kings and exacting wealth and tributes. |
| 30 Sahadeva conquered many kings and tribes, defeating king Nila with Agni's help, and returned to his kingdom with great wealth. |
| 31 Nakula conquered the western direction, defeating various tribes and kingdoms, and returned to Indraprastha with a vast treasure. |
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5 Rajasuyika. Rajasuya sacrifice unfolds; Krishna honored, Sisupala objects, devotion and conflict rise.
7 23 19:10
| 32 Yudhishthira's kingdom prospered, and he performed a grand sacrifice with Krishna's encouragement, gifting cows, gold, and treasures to Brahmanas. |
| 33 Nakula invites Kuru elders to Yudhishthira's sacrifice. Many kings attend, including Karna and Salya. Yudhishthira assigns grand mansions and entertains them with feasts and gifts. |
| 34 Yudhishthira asks for help from Bhishma, Drona, and others to conduct the Rajasuya sacrifice. Kings bring tributes and honor him with jewels. |
| 35 Narada recognizes Krishna as supreme lord Narayana. Bhishma suggests honoring Krishna first, but Sisupala objects, sparking tension. |
| 36 Sisupala criticizes Yudhishthira for worshipping Krishna, calling him unworthy and comparing him to a dog. |
| 37 Bhishma defends Krishna's worthiness of worship, citing his strength and wisdom. |
| 38 Sahadeva declares devotion to Krishna, while Sisupala rallies kings to oppose him. |
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6 Sisupala-badha. Sisupala slain; dice deceit sparks Draupadi’s outrage, Pandavas’ exile begins. 42 146.2 2:01:50
| 39 Yudhishthira seeks Bhishma's counsel as kings protest Krishna's worship. Bhishma compares them to dogs barking at a sleeping lion. |
| 40 Sisupala criticizes Bhishma, accusing him of hypocrisy and ignorance, mocking his praise of Krishna and citing his past mistakes. |
| 41 Sisupala ridicules Krishna, calling him a coward, and insults Bhishma. Bhima is enraged, but Bhishma calms him down. Sisupala taunts Bhima, challenging him to fight. |
| 42 Bhishma tells the story of Sisupala's birth and how Krishna spared his life, despite ominous signs and Sisupala's wicked nature. |
| 43 The king of Chedi, enraged by Bhishma's praise of Krishna, accuses him of being foolish and dares him to summon Krishna to battle. |
| 44 Krishna kills Sisupala, forgiving his 100 offenses, and his energy enters Krishna's body. |
| 45 Vyasa predicts the destruction of Kshatriyas in 13 years and departs, leaving Yudhishthira anxious. |
| 46 Duryodhana, filled with jealousy, mistakes crystal surfaces for water and doors, causing him to fall and injure himself. |
| 47 Sakuni advises Duryodhana to challenge Yudhishthira to a game of dice. |
| 48 Duryodhana plots with Sakuni to challenge Yudhishthira to a game of dice. |
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| 49 Duryodhana seeks revenge against Yudhishthira, fueled by jealousy and wounded pride. |
| 50 Duryodhana describes the wealth at Yudhishthira's court, fueling his jealousy. |
| 51 Duryodhana describes Yudhishthira's court, filled with wealth and tribute, fueling his jealousy. |
| 52 Duryodhana describes Yudhishthira's grand sacrifice, feeling jealous and distressed. |
| 53 Dhritarashtra advises Duryodhana to not be jealous, be content, and value perseverance. |
| 54 Duryodhana scolds Dhritarashtra, determined to surpass the Pandavas or die trying. |
| 55 Sakuni offers to help Duryodhana win Yudhishthira's prosperity through a game of dice. |
| 56 Vidura warns Dhritarashtra of the dangers of playing dice with Yudhishthira. |
| 57 Vidura invites Yudhishthira to play dice in Hastinapore, but he's hesitant, knowing gambling can lead to quarrels. |
| 58 Yudhishthira is invited to play dice by Sakuni, but he's reluctant, calling gambling sinful. |
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| 59 Yudhishthira and Duryodhana play dice, with Sakuni casting. Yudhishthira loses the first round. |
| 60 Yudhishthira stakes his wealth against Sakuni's unfair dice playing, offering royal car, serving girls, and elephants. Sakuni wins each time, depleting Yudhishthira's fortunes. |
| 61 Vidura warns Dhritarashtra about Duryodhana's destructive nature, urging a peaceful relationship with the Pandavas to avoid regret and destruction. |
| 62 Vidura warns Dhritarashtra that gambling will lead to destruction and advises against quarreling with the Pandavas. |
| 63 Duryodhana accuses Vidura of disloyalty, favoring Pandavas. Vidura defends his guidance, warns of destruction. |
| 64 Sakuni taunts Yudhishthira, who stakes his brothers and himself, but Sakuni wins using unfair means. He then suggests staking Draupadi, shocking the assembly. |
| 65 Vidura rebukes Duryodhana for mistreating Draupadi, warning of dire consequences for the Kuru dynasty. |
| 66 Vidura warns Duryodhana: "Humiliating Draupadi will destroy our dynasty." |
| 67 Draupadi appeals to the assembly, questioning her status as servant or princess, while Bhishma declines to answer. |
| 68 Duryodhana tells Draupadi her fate depends on her husbands, while Bhima boasts of his strength, restrained by respect for Yudhishthira. |
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| 69 Duryodhana taunts Draupadi, Bhima vows revenge, Vidura warns of calamity, and Dhritarashtra grants Draupadi two boons. |
| 70 Bhima's rage boils over, but Yudhishthira calms him, pleading for peace. |
| 71 Dhritarashtra advises Yudhishthira to rule with wisdom and peace. |
| 72 Duryodhana manipulates Dhritarashtra to summon the Pandavas back for a new dice game. |
| 73 Gandhari warns Dhritarashtra of impending doom, but he refuses to listen. |
| 74 Yudhishthira accepts Sakuni's dice proposal, despite knowing the risks, and prepares for exile. |
| 75 Pandavas depart for exile, vowing revenge against Duryodhana and his allies. |
| 76 Yudhishthira bids farewell, thanks Vidura, and departs into exile. |
| 77 Kunti bids a tearful farewell to her sons, lamenting their fate. |
| 78 Dhritarashtra asks Vidura about the Pandavas' departure, and Vidura describes their gestures and symbols. |
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3 Aranyaka Parva. Exile begins; boons, curses, pilgrimages, tests shape destiny. 13/313 302.7 4:12:15
1 Aranyaka Parva. Pandavas’ exile begins; divine boons, warnings, and curses foretell downfall. 10 41.8 34:10
| 1 Citizens follow Pandavas, grieving and censuring elders. Pandavas ask them to return, and they bid farewell. |
| 2 Pandavas leave Hastinapura, citizens follow, pleading to stay. Pandavas ask them to return, and continue to the Ganges, surrounded by Brahmanas. |
| 3 Yudhishthira seeks refuge in the sun, recites a hymn, and receives a boon: inexhaustible food and a copper vessel. |
| 4 Vidura advises Dhritarashtra to make amends with the Pandavas, but the king refuses, prioritizing his son. |
| 5 Vidura visits the Pandavas in exile, warning of the Kuru race's downfall due to Dhritarashtra's stubbornness. |
| 6 Dhritarashtra reunites with Vidura, forgiving and praising him. |
| 7 Duryodhana plots to kill the Pandavas, but is thwarted by Krishna-Dwaipayana. |
| 8 Vyasa warns Dhritarashtra to restrain Duryodhana's evil plans. |
| 9 Dhritarashtra confesses to Vyasa his helplessness to stop the gambling match. |
| 10 Maitreya warns Dhritarashtra of the Pandavas' strength and curses Duryodhana to be struck down by Bhima. |
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3 Arjunabhigamana Parva. Krishna defeats Salwa; exile debates virtue, vengeance, destiny, celestial weapons. 26 113.1 1:34:15
| 12 Krishna regrets not preventing the Pandavas' downfall, blames his absence, and reaffirms his support. |
| 13 Krishna regrets not stopping the gambling match, blames his absence, and offers support. |
| 14 Krishna explains his absence: he defeated Salwa, a vengeful king, and then rushed to Hastinapur to aid the Pandavas. |
| 15 Vasudeva describes Dwaraka's strong fortifications and defenses, comparing its strength to Indra's city. |
| 16 Vasudeva's sons fight bravely against Salwa's army, but the Yadavas waver until Pradyumna rallies them. |
| 17 Pradyumna fights bravely against Salwa, falls wounded, but ultimately emerges victorious. |
| 18 Pradyumna scolds his charioteer for fleeing, demanding a return to battle to fight Salwa or die trying. |
| 19 Pradyumna's charioteer skillfully guides horses into battle, Pradyumna shows prowess, celestials intervene, revealing Salwa's fate is to be killed by Krishna. |
| 20 Vasudeva (Krishna) battles Salwa, using divine weapons and counter-illusions, and emerges victorious, destroying Salwa's car and killing him. |
| 21 Vasudeva battles Salwa, uses divine weapons, and learns of his father's death, fueling his rage and determination. |
| 22 Vasudeva defeats Salwa, visits Pandavas, and departs with Subhadra and Abhimanyu. |
| 23 Pandavas journey into forest, distributing gifts. Citizens bid farewell, praising Yudhishthira's virtue. Arjuna assures victory, and they continue on, ready for challenges. |
| 24 Yudhishthira's brothers find Dwaitavana, a beautiful lake, to dwell for 12 years. |
| 25 Markandeya visits the Pandavas, sharing stories of Rama and encouraging Yudhishthira to remain firm in his promises. |
| 26 Vaka praises Yudhishthira for uniting Brahmana and Kshatriya customs, stressing the importance of Brahmanas in a king's life. |
| 27 Krishna rebukes Yudhishthira for not showing anger, urging revenge against the Kauravas. |
| 28 Prahlada teaches balance in forgiveness and might, urging judicious use. |
| 29 Yudhishthira extols forgiveness as the supreme virtue. |
| 30 Draupadi lamented fate, questioning God's justice. |
| 31 Yudhishthira emphasizes virtue and selfless duty. |
| 32 Draupadi urges Yudhishthira to act, stressing effort and destiny. |
| 33 Bhimasena urges Yudhishthira to act, emphasizing virtue, wealth, and might. |
| 34 Yudhishthira acknowledges his folly and honors his pledge. |
| 35 Bhima urges Yudhishthira to reclaim their kingdom, criticizing his passive nature. |
| 36 Yudhishthira faces difficulties, Vyasa appears, and imparts sacred knowledge to ensure victory. |
| 37 Arjuna seeks celestial weapons from Indra to defeat enemies. |
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4 Kairata Parva. Arjuna gains divine weapons, ascends heaven, rejects Urvasi, accepts destined curse.
10 42.7 35:35
| 38 Arjuna seeks celestial weapons from Indra and Shiva through intense austerities. |
| 39 Arjuna battles Shiva in disguise, then surrenders and worships him, gaining a divine weapon. |
| 40 Shiva grants Arjuna the Pasuputa weapon, imparting its secrets, and leaves him with the Gandiva bow. |
| 41 Gods grant Arjuna celestial weapons, foreseeing his victories, and acknowledge his past life as Nara. |
| 42 Arjuna ascends to heaven in Indra's car, sees celestial wonders, and enters Amaravati. |
| 43 Arjuna enters Amaravati, meets Indra, and is hailed by celestials. |
| 44 Arjuna receives celestial weapons and learns music and dance in heaven, but his mind remains restless, seeking revenge. |
| 45 Indra asks Urvasi to teach Arjuna lovemaking, citing his mastery of arts. Urvasi agrees, smitten. |
| 46 Arjuna refuses Urvasi's advances, citing her as his mother. She curses him to be a dancer, unregarded by women, for a year. |
| 47 Indra reveals Arjuna's divine origin and entrusts Lomasa to protect Yudhishthira. |
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5 Indralokagamana Parva. Arjuna feared; exile endures; Nala-Damayanti tale mirrors Pandavas’ fate. 10 32.8 27:20
| 48 Dhritarashtra: "Arjuna's energy and determination will lead to our defeat. He's invincible." |
| 49 Sanjaya warns Dhritarashtra of the Pandavas' wrath, Arjuna's bravery, and the Kuru clan's impending doom. |
| 50 Janamejaya asks about the Pandavas' exile, and Vaisampayana explains they survived on wild food, sharing with Brahmanas. |
| 51 Dhritarashtra fears his sons' doom at the hands of the Pandavas and Krishna, recalling Vidura's warning of a devastating bloodshed. |
| 52 Bhima urges Yudhishthira to kill their foes, but Yudhishthira refuses. Sage Vrihadaswa appears and offers to tell the story of King Nala, a similar tale of woe. |
| 53 Vrihadaswa tells Yudhishthira about King Nala's virtues and beauty. Damayanti's beauty surpasses all, and they develop an attachment, hearing of each other's virtues. A swan facilitates their union. |
| 54 Damayanti loves Nala, her father holds a Swayamvara, and gods ask Nala to be their messenger. |
| 55 Nala, the gods' messenger, reveals their desire to marry Damayanti, leaving her torn between love for him and the gods' proposal. |
| 56 Damayanti pleads with Nala to accept her love, threatening to end her life if he refuses. Nala urges her to choose a god instead, but she proposes a solution: choose him at the Swayamvara. |
| 57 Damayanti chooses Nala, and the gods bestow boons. They marry, rule wisely, and have two children, living a life filled with love and divine blessings. |
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6 Nalopakhyana Parva. Nala’s fall and reunion inspire Pandavas; exile, faith, sacred journeys. 28 151.8 2:33:50
| 58 Kali seeks to curse Damayanti for choosing Nala, but the gods defend Nala's virtues. Kali plots revenge, seeking to destroy Nala's life. |
| 59 Kali possessed Nala, who gambled away his kingdom to Pushkara. Friends and citizens tried to intervene, but Nala, under Kali's influence, continued to gamble, leading to his downfall. |
| 60 Damayanti sent her children to safety with Varshneya, who later joined King Rituparna's service, heartbroken. |
| 61 Nala, a fallen king, lost everything to Pushkara. Damayanti, his loyal wife, stayed by his side as they sought refuge in the country of the Vidarbhas, their last hope. |
| 62 Nala, in tatters, left Damayanti, weeping, his heart heavy with grief. |
| 63 Damayanti, alone in the forest, shrieked in despair, searching for Nala. A serpent seized her, but a huntsman rescued her, only to fall lifeless under her curse. |
| 64 Damayanti searched for Nala, asking a mountain, ascetics, and a caravan for help. |
| 65 Damayanti fled to Suvahu, blamed for an elephant attack. The queen-mother took her in. |
| 66 Nala rescued a snake, Karkotaka, from a curse, and it bit him, changing his form, promising prosperity and skills. |
| 67 Nala, as Vahuka, lamented Damayanti's fate in a nightly sloka. |
| 68 Bhima searched for Nala and Damayanti, and Sudeva found her weeping. |
| 69 Damayanti reunited with her family, and Brahmanas searched for Nala. |
| 70 Parnada returned, repeated Damayanti's words, and Vahuka showed kindness. |
| 71 King Rituparna asked Vahuka to take him to Damayanti's Swayamvara. |
| 72 Nala's garment fell off, and Rituparna showed off his math skills. Kali was released, ending Nala's suffering. |
| 73 Rituparna's chariot arrived, delighting Damayanti. Bhima welcomed him, but his intention was unknown. |
| 74 Kesini asked about Nala. Vahuka replied that even Varshneya didn't know. |
| 75 Damayanti suspected Vahuka was Nala. Kesini's report confirmed it. |
| 76 Damayanti reunites with Nala, her devotion confirmed by the Wind-god. |
| 77 King Nala and Damayanti reunited, a testament to true love. |
| 78 King Nala reclaimed his throne and wife, defeating his brother Pushkara in a game of dice. |
| 79 Vrihadaswa told the story of King Nala, inspiring Yudhishthira. |
| 80 The Pandavas sorrowfully missed Arjuna after his departure. |
| 81 Yudhishthira, sad due to Arjuna's absence, was comforted by Narada. |
| 82 Visiting sacred places like Pushkara can cleanse one of sins and grant merits. |
| 83 Pulastya told Bhishma about sacred places and their merits. |
| 84 Pulastya shared secrets of sacred sites with Bhishma. |
| 85 Pulastya told Bhishma about sacred sites and their merits. |
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7 Tirtha-yatra Parva. Pilgrimage, penance, legends, battles, Arjuna’s return, virtue tested, destiny unfolds.
101 444 6:10
| 86 Yudhishthira sent Arjuna to obtain celestial weapons. |
| 87 Dhaumya described sacred places, comforting the Pandavas. |
| 88 Dhaumya described sacred places in the south. |
| 89 Dhaumya described sacred spots in the west. |
| 90 Dhaumya described sacred spots in the north, including Saraswati river and Vadari asylum. |
| 91 Lomasa shared his experience at Indra's abode, seeing Arjuna with celestial weapons. |
| 92 Lomasa urged Yudhishthira to visit sacred tirthas, promising protection from Rakshasas. |
| 93 Brahmanas asked Yudhishthira to take them on pilgrimage, promising to share dangers. |
| 94 Yudhishthira lamented to Lomasa about his suffering. |
| 95 The Pandavas visited sacred tirthas, performing ablutions and ascetic penances, seeking spiritual merit and purification. |
| 96 Vaisampayana told the story of Agastya, Lopamudra, and Vatapi's trickery. |
| 97 Agastya married Lopamudra, who renounced her royal life for asceticism. |
| 98 Agastya sought wealth from kings, but refused due to their equal expenses. |
| 99 Agastya ate Vatapi, Ilwala's brother, and received wealth. |
| 100 Gods sought Brahma's help, got Vajra from Dadhicha, and defeated Danavas. |
| 101 Indra slew Vritra with the Vajra, but fled, thinking he lived. |
| 102 Kalakeyas attacked ascetic retreats, devouring Brahmanas and Munis, filling the universe with terror. |
| 103 Celestials begged Vishnu to stop Kalakeyas, who were killing Brahmanas. Vishnu advised seeking Agastya's help. |
| 104 Vindhya tried to obstruct the sun and moon, but Agastya intervened. Later, Agastya drank up the ocean to defeat the Kalakeyas. |
| 105 Agastya drank up the ocean, astonishing the gods. They praised him, slew demons, and asked him to refill the sea. |
| 106 King Sagara sought a son, got 60,000, but they perished. |
| 107 Sagara's 60,000 sons were burnt to ashes, but revived when Bhagiratha brought the Ganges to earth. |
| 108 Bhagiratha brought Ganges to earth, reviving his ancestors. |
| 109 Ganges fell to earth, reviving Sagara's sons and filling the sea. |
| 110 Rishyasringa, a powerful saint, was born to a hind due to a curse. |
| 111 A courtesan tempted Rishyasringa, and he fell in love. |
| 112 Rishyasringa met a beautiful student who visited him, and his heart was captured by the student's charm and beauty. |
| 113 Vibhandaka warned Rishyasringa about a courtesan who sought to obstruct his penance. |
| 114 Yudhishthira's journey to the sea, where he beheld the divine forest and ascended an altar for valour and strength. |
| 115 Yudhishthira sought Parasurama's presence, hearing tales of his exploits. |
| 116 Akritavrana told Yudhishthira about Jamadagni and his son Rama. |
| 117 Rama avenged his father's death, killing Kartavirya's sons. |
| 118 Yudhishthira visited sacred spots, freed from sins at Godavari. |
| 119 Valarama questioned virtue's value, citing Yudhishthira's suffering. |
| 120 Satyaki urged action, vowing to defeat Duryodhana. |
| 121 Lomasa told Yudhishthira about sacred spots and sacrifices. |
| 122 Chyavana practiced austerities, became covered in ants. Sukanya pierced his eyes, later became his wife. |
| 123 Twin Aswins revived Chyavana's youth, Sukanya chose him, and they lived happily. |
| 124 Chyavana defied Indra, offering Soma to the Aswins, and summoned a demon to challenge him. |
| 125 Lomasa told Yudhishthira about Chyavana's victory and showed him a sacred lake. |
| 126 Yudhishthira asked about Mandhata's birth and achievements. |
| 127 King Somaka sacrificed his son Jantu for 100 sons. |
| 128 Somaka sacrificed son Jantu for 100 sons, shared priest's punishment, and earned blessings. |
| 129 Lomasa shared tales of the place's history, where kings and saints performed sacrifices, and Yudhishthira beheld all worlds. |
| 130 Lomasa told Yudhishthira this spot guarantees heaven, with sacred rivers and spiritual energy nearby. |
| 131 King Usinara sacrificed his flesh to save a pigeon, impressing Indra and Agni, and earning eternal glory. |
| 132 Ashtavakra, a child prodigy, corrected his father's recitation from the womb, earning a curse. |
| 133 Ashtavakra, a young Brahmana, impressed King Janaka with his Vedic knowledge and was granted admittance. |
| 134 Ashtavakra defeated Vandin in an intellectual battle, impressing King Janaka. |
| 135 Yavakri's quest for Vedic knowledge led to pride and downfall. |
| 136 Yavakri's lust led to his downfall. |
| 137 Bharadwaja's son Yavakri was slain, and he died of grief. |
| 138 Paravasu killed his father, mistook him for a deer. |
| 139 Lomasa guided Yudhishthira, warning of dangers. |
| 140 Yudhishthira longed to see Arjuna, praising his virtues. |
| 141 Lomasa told the Pandavas about the celestial mountain Mandara and sacred river Alakananda. |
| 142 Pandavas journeyed to Gandhamadana, facing wind and rain. |
| 143 Draupadi fell, exhausted. Nakula aided her, and Yudhishthira lamented his
dice addiction. |
| 144 Pandavas reached Kailasa, beheld celestial trees, and were welcomed by sages. |
| 145 Bhima sought the celestial lotus on Gandhamadana peak, facing challenges and meeting Hanuman, who warned him of the treacherous path ahead. |
| 146 Bhima, proud of his strength, met Hanuman, who challenged him to move his tail, leading to Bhima's humility and curiosity about Hanuman's identity. |
| 147 Hanuman shared his journey with Rama, finding Sita, and Rama's victory. He lives in the forest, entertained by celestial beings, and directed Bhima to the accessible lake. |
| 148 Hanuman told Bhima of his adventures with Rama, then directed him to the lake. |
| 149 Hanuman revealed his enormous form to Bhima, sharing wisdom on duties and governance. |
| 150 Hanuman embraced Bhima, restoring his strength and offering aid. |
| 151 Bhima marveled at Hanuman's splendor, saw elephants and deer, and found golden lotuses. |
| 152 Bhimasena found a beautiful lotus lake guarded by Rakshasas, drank ambrosial water, and saw celestial lotuses. |
| 153 Bhima fought off Rakshasas with his mace, gathered Saugandhika lotuses, and restored his strength. |
| 154 Bhima gathered flowers, wind arose, Yudhishthira searched for him, found victorious amidst slain Yakshas, rebuked for rashness. |
| 155 Yudhishthira sought Vaisravana's abode, but a celestial voice directed them to Nara and Narayana's hermitage, then Vrishaparva's and Arshtisena's, to behold Kuvera's abode. |
| 156 Bhimasena saved his family from Jatasura, slaying the Rakshasa after a fierce battle, and reunited with his brothers and Draupadi. |
| 157 Yudhishthira and brothers journeyed to mountain Sweta with Draupadi. |
| 158 Yudhishthira met Arshtishena, a sage who advised him on virtue. |
| 159 Bhima battled Rakshasas, slew Maniman, and emerged victorious. |
| 160 Kuvera forgave Bhima, praising his bravery and releasing a curse. |
| 161 Kuvera advised Yudhishthira and praised Arjuna's honesty and bravery. |
| 162 Dhaumya described Mandara, where Sun rises, illuminating the world. |
| 163 Pandavas awaited Arjuna's return, delighted in mountain's beauty. |
| 164 Arjuna returned in Mahendra's car, reunited with his brothers. |
| 165 Indra arrived, Yudhishthira worshiped, Arjuna stood humbly, receiving blessings. |
| 166 Arjuna battled Shiva, received Pasupata weapon, and was invincible. |
| 167 Arjuna learned weapons from Indra and got celestial equipment. |
| 168 Arjuna entered demons' city, frightening them with chariot's sound. |
| 169 Arjuna fought Nivata-Kavachas, piercing them with Brahma's weapons. |
| 170 Arjuna fought Nivata-Kavachas, using Visoshana to dry up water. |
| 171 Arjuna fought Nivata-Kavachas with visible weapons, severing their heads. |
| 172 Arjuna destroyed Hiranyapura with the thunderbolt and Raudra weapons. |
| 173 Indra gave Arjuna celestial weapons and impenetrable mail. |
| 174 Arjuna showed Yudhishthira the celestial weapons, earth trembled, rivers churned. |
| 175 Pandavas spent four years in Kubera's palace, then departed. |
| 176 Pandavas left home, crossed mountains, and reached Visakhayupa forest. |
| 177 Bhima, with immense strength, was overpowered by a serpent. |
| 178 Bhima, overpowered by snake, learns it's ancestor Nahusha's curse. |
| 179 Yudhishthira answers Nahusha's questions, frees Bhima with his wisdom. |
| 180 Yudhishthira asks Nahusha about salvation and the soul's journey. |
| 181 The rainy season brought relief, filling the earth with water. |
| 182 Krishna and Markandeya visit Pandavas in forest exile. |
| 183 Prince kills Brahmana, seeks redemption, learns of their great power. |
| 184 Atri and Gautama debate King Vainya's greatness, Sanatkumara resolves. |
| 185 Saraswati: "Virtue comes from Vedic study, sanctity, and charitable giving." |
| 186 Manu did penance, saved by a fish, recreated the world. |
| 187 Manu's penance saved him from flood, recreated the world. |
| 188 Narayana, the Deity, creates and destroys the universe in cycles. |
| 189 Kalki will be born, restoring peace and order in Kali. |
| 190 Kalki will establish a new Yuga, reestablishing virtue and peace. |
| 191 King Parikshit's wife disappeared, leading to a curse and eventual redemption. |
| 192 Vaka told Indra that immortals suffer from separation and dependence, and emphasized the importance of a simple life. |
| 193 Two kings, Suhotra and Sivi, met on the road. Narada appeared, emphasizing humility, and Suhotra gave way to Sivi. |
| 194 King Yayati gave a Brahmana a thousand kine, happy to give away what he could. |
| 195 Vrishadarbha struck a Brahmana with a whip, then gave him a valuable tribute, showing royal generosity. |
| 196 King Sivi passed a test by refusing to give up a pigeon to a hawk, even cutting off his own flesh to save it. |
| 197 Narada predicted four kings' falls from heaven, citing their flaws, with Sivi's virtue surpassing his own. |
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8 Markandeya-Samasya Parva. Virtue restores fallen kings, slays demons, defines duty, cosmic order.
10 61.6 51:20
| 198 Markandeya told the Pandavas about Indradyumna, a royal sage who fell from heaven and regained his place through virtue. |
| 199 Markandeya told the Pandavas about Indradyumna, a royal sage who fell and returned to heaven. |
| 200 Kuvalaswa, with Utanka's help, slew the Asura Dhundhu. |
| 201 King Kuvalaswa Defeats Dhundhu, Preserving Ayodhya and Cosmic Order Eternal. |
| 202 Vishnu Slays Madhu and Kaitabha, Preserving Cosmic Balance and Creation. |
| 203 Kuvalaswa Slays Invincible Dhundhu, Earns Vishnu’s Favor and Cosmic Peace. |
| 204 Markandeya Praises Chaste Wives, Upholding Virtue, Duty, and Social Order. |
| 205 Chaste Wife Teaches Kausika Humility, Duty, and True Spiritual Wisdom. |
| 206 Fowler Defines Virtue as Path to Salvation and Brahmana Duty. |
| 207 Fowler Explains Destiny, Karma, Nonviolence Limits, and Atonement Through Duty. |
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10 Ghosha-yatra Parva. Fowler’s wisdom, Skanda’s rise, Draupadi’s devotion, exile tensions deepen.
27 98 1:21:40
| 211 Fowler Explains Gunas, Spiritual Growth, and Virtue Beyond Birth. |
| 212 Fowler Explains Soul, Vital Forces, Renunciation, and Path to Supreme Spirit. |
| 213 Fowler Honors Parents as Gods, Exemplifying Supreme Filial Virtue. |
| 214 Cursed Brahmana Turned Fowler Teaches Karma, Remorse, and Righteous Duty. |
| 215 Fowler and Brahmana Share Wisdom, Choose Duty, Contentment, and Spiritual Paths. |
| 216 Agni Hides, Angiras Replaces Him, Vrihaspati Born, Cosmic Order Restored. |
| 217 Angiras' Children Excel, Vrihaspati Wise Counsellor, Daughters Radiant Virtues Many. |
| 218 Vrihaspati's Fiery Sons Embody Powers Worshipped in Sacred Sacrifices Ancient. |
| 219 Uktha Creates Beings, Fire, Gods, and Sacred Sacrificial Lineages. |
| 220 Tapas Lineages Create Fires and Deities Central to Agnihotra Rites. |
| 221 Sacred Fires Born, Metals Formed, Rivers Emerge, Cosmic Order Sustained. |
| 222 Indra Rescues Woman, Kartikeya Born, Slays Asuras, Restores Divine Peace. |
| 223 Swaha Disguises Herself, Unites With Fire God, Setting Kartikeya’s Birth. |
| 224 Swaha Unites With Agni, Skanda Born Six Faced Mighty Warrior. |
| 225 Skanda’s Birth Causes Omens, Mothers Adopt Him, Gods Fear Power. |
| 226 Skanda Confronts Indra, Birth of Visakha, Gods Rejoice Fearless Triumphantly. |
| 227 Skanda Begets Kumaras, Strange Offspring Born, Lineages Guarded and Counted. |
| 228 Skanda Crowned Celestial Leader, Marries Devasena, Achieves Divine Glory. |
| 229 Skanda Protects Mothers, Subdues Child Spirits, Grants Valor and Longevity. |
| 230 Skanda Worship Protects Children, Subdues Spirits, Leads Celestial Hosts. |
| 231 Draupadi Explains Wifely Power Through Devotion, Service, and Selfless Love. |
| 232 Draupadi Teaches Devotion, Respect, and Virtue in Marriage. |
| 233 Krishna Departs, Satyabhama Comforts Draupadi, Foretells Victory and Reunion. |
| 234 Pandavas Endure Forest Exile, News Reaches Court, King Regrets Deeply. |
| 235 Sakuni Karna Urge Duryodhana Mock Pandavas’ Exile and Poverty Cruelly. |
| 236 Duryodhana Plots Forest Visit Under Pretext, Aided by Karna Sakuni. |
| 237 Duryodhana Gains Leave, Journeys to Dwaitavana Near Exiled Pandavas. |
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11 Draupadi-harana Parva. Gandharva defeat humbles Duryodhana; Pandavas’ honor upheld amid exile trials.
30 88.5 1:13:45
| 238 Duryodhana Sports at Dwaitavana, Confronted and Barred by Gandharva King. |
| 239 Gandharvas Rout Kurus, Karna Fights Alone, Then Forced to Flee. |
| 240 Duryodhana Captured by Gandharvas, Pandavas Asked to Rescue Him. |
| 241 Yudhishthira Orders Rescue, Arjuna Vows Action, Family Honor Defended. |
| 242 Pandavas Arm for Battle, Clash with Gandharvas to Free Duryodhana. |
| 243 Arjuna Defeats Gandharvas, Saves Kauravas, Displays Supreme Martial Prowess. |
| 244 Arjuna Questions Chitrasena, Kauravas Freed, Indra Revives Gandharvas, Counsel Given. |
| 245 Ashamed Duryodhana Returns Home, Karna Confesses Fear, Grief Prevails. |
| 246 Duryodhana Explains Gandharva Defeat, Corrects Karna’s Misunderstanding Humbly and Truthfully. |
| 247 Arjuna Commands Chitrasena Free Kauravas, Asserts Pandava Honor Eternal Supremacy. |
| 248 Karna Rebukes Duryodhana, Calls Rescue Predictable and His Conduct Childish. |
| 249 Sakuni Consoles Duryodhana, Urges Gratitude, Reconciliation, and Brotherly Rule. |
| 250 Danavas Dissuade Duryodhana from Suicide, Urge Perseverance and Honor. |
| 251 Janamejaya Inquires Kauravas’ Actions During Pandavas’ Forest Exile. |
| 252 Karna Subdues Drupada, Extracts Tribute, Displays Kaurava Military Might Openly. |
| 253 Karna Advises Duryodhana Earnestly, Urging Strategic Action and Resolve. |
| 254 Preparations Complete for Grand Sacrifice, Golden Plough Finished and Ready. |
| 255 Duryodhana Celebrated on Return, Citizens Praise Completed Sacrifice Successfully. |
| 256 Pandavas in Forest, Yudhishthira Dreams of Weeping Deer Omens Foretelling. |
| 257 Pandavas Endure Eleven Years Exile, Living Miserably on Fruits Roots. |
| 258 Yudhishthira Questions Virtuous Gift of Corn and Its Sacred Purpose. |
| 259 Divine Messenger Rebukes Sage, Affirms Heavenly Bliss and Higher Realms. |
| 260 Pandavas Host Munis, Share Sun’s Food, Janamejaya Asks of Duryodhana. |
| 261 Durvasa Arrives with Disciples, Yudhishthira Welcomes Guests Respectfully. |
| 262 Pandavas Roam Kamyaka Forest Like Immortals, Enjoying Beauty and Hunt. |
| 263 Kotika Encounters Radiant Woman Alone, Questions Her Fearlessness in Forest. |
| 264 Draupadi Responds Gracefully to Prince, Speaking with Modesty and Dignity. |
| 265 Kotika Reports Encounter, Jayadratha Desires Draupadi After Hearing Her Words. |
| 266 Draupadi Rebukes Jayadratha Fiercely, Defending Pandavas’ Honor and Might. |
| 267 Pandavas Reunite After Hunt, Survey Vast Forest Teeming with Life. |
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12 Pativrata-mahatmya Parva. Jayadratha defeated; Draupadi rescued; Rama’s exile and war recalled. 18 79 1:05:50
| 268 Jayadratha Trembles Seeing Pandavas, Recognizes Draupadi’s Mighty Husbands Approaching. |
| 269 Jayadratha’s Forces Falter as Pandavas Advance Like Fearsome Tigers. |
| 270 Bhima Chases Jayadratha, Seizes Him by Hair, Ending His Flight. |
| 271 Pandavas Defeat Jayadratha, Rescue Draupadi, Restore Honor After Suffering. |
| 272 Markandeya Recalls Rama’s Suffering, Ravana Abducts Sita Deceitfully. |
| 273 Visrava Angered at Vaisravana, Kuvera Seeks Father’s Favor Constantly. |
| 274 Sages Seek Brahma, Agni Warns Ravana Invincible by Boon. |
| 275 Yudhishthira Asks Cause of Rama’s Exile, Markandeya Begins Dasaratha’s Tale. |
| 276 Maricha Welcomes Ravana, Perceives Unease, Questions His Troubled State. |
| 277 Jatayu Attacks Ravana, Defends Sita, Commands Her Release Courageously. |
| 278 Grieving Rama Reaches Lake Pampa, Remembers Beloved Sita Sadly. |
| 279 Sita Languishes in Captivity, Mourning Rama as Ravana Approaches. |
| 280 Rama and Lakshmana Dwell on Malyavat, Moonlit Vigil Begins. |
| 281 Monkey Chiefs Gather for Rama, Sushena Leads Vast Ape Host. |
| 282 Rama Marshals Monkey Army, Ravana Fortifies Lanka for War. |
| 283 Rakshasas Infiltrate Monkey Camp, Led by Ravana’s Fierce Followers. |
| 284 Prahasta Strikes Vibhishana, Who Stands Unshaken Like Himalaya. |
| 285 Kumbhakarna Advances, Confronts Monkey Hosts, Faces Lakshmana Armed and Resolute. |
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13 Aranya Parva. Rama triumphs, Savitri steadfast, Karna warned, Kunti’s destiny unfolds revealed.
28 118.5 1:38:45
| 286 Ravana Commands Indrajit Slay Rama, Lakshmana, Sugriva After Losses. |
| 287 Indrajit Binds Rama Lakshmana with Arrow Net, Brothers Stricken Down. |
| 288 Ravana Enraged by Son’s Death, Charges Rama Amid Fierce Battle. |
| 289 Rama Slays Ravana, Celestials Rejoice, Victory and Dharma Restored. |
| 290 Markandeya Consoles Yudhishthira, Rama Endured Exile, Kshatriya Path Endures. |
| 291 Yudhishthira Grieves for Draupadi, Recalling Dice Humiliation and Abduction Forest. |
| 292 Savitri Returns Home, Honors Father and Narada After Sacred Travels. |
| 293 King Arranges Savitri’s Marriage, Journeys to Dyumatsena’s Forest Hermitage. |
| 294 Savitri Observes Triratra Vow, Awaiting Satyavan’s Fated Death. |
| 295 Satyavan Toils Gathering Wood, Struck by Sudden Pain and Weariness. |
| 296 Rishis Bless Savitri, Families Reunited Peacefully After Auspicious Farewell. |
| 297 Ascetics Bring Dawn Tidings, Usurper Slain, Dyumatsena Restored. |
| 298 Surya Counsels Karna, Praises Vow, Repeats Truth for His Good. |
| 299 Surya Warns Karna, Valuing Life Over Fame and Self-Sacrifice. |
| 300 Karna Grows Proud with Dart, Fate Decrees Arjuna Slays Him. |
| 301 Pritha Honors Brahmana Guest, Serves Humbly, Sleeps Upon the Floor. |
| 302 Brahmana Grants Pritha Boon, Foretells Birth of Sun’s Son Great. |
| 303 Kunti Receives Mantra, Invokes Celestials, Gains Divine Power. |
| 304 Kunti Pleads Maiden’s Honor, Refuses Surya Without Father’s Consent. |
| 305 Kunti Awaits Birth Joyfully, Bears Mighty Child Within Her. |
| 306 Unwed Kunti bears Karna, casts him afloat, destiny preserves child. |
| 307 Adhiratha adopts Karna; raised Suta, rivals Arjuna, famed generous warrior. |
| 308 Karna sacrifices armor for Vasavi dart; Pandavas complete exile return. |
| 309 Pandavas pursue enchanted deer, vanish exhausted, beginning Brahmana trial ordeal. |
| 310 Pandavas die drinking forbidden lake; Yaksha tests patience and righteousness. |
| 311 Yudhishthira answers Yaksha, upholds virtue, revives brothers through righteousness alone. |
| 312 Dharma reveals himself, blesses Yudhishthira; Pandavas revived, incognito exile secured. |
| 313 Pandavas seek blessings, resolve disguise, prepare counsel for final exile year. |
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4 Pandava-Pravesa Parva. Pandavas disguise in Virata; survive exile; reveal power. 4/72 249 5:24:18
1 Pandava-Pravesa Parva. Pandavas adopt disguises in Virata, entering roles to survive exile. 1236.7 5
| 1 "Bhima said, 'I shall present myself as a cook, Vallabha'" |
| 2 "Nakula said, 'I intend to present myself before the lord'" |
| 3 "Draupadi replied, 'I shall conduct myself, O king, in'" |
| 4 "Vaisampayana said, 'Those tigers among men, the Pandavas, with'" |
| 5 "And they took up their residence in a potter's house" |
| 6 "And Yudhishthira, with his brothers, and Droupadi, lived in" |
| 7 "And Yudhishthira, that tiger among men, began to live" |
| 8 "And Bhima, that tiger among men, began to live" |
| 9 "And so Draupadi, disguised as a Sairindhri, entered the" |
| 10 "And so Sahadeva, disguised as a cowherd, entered the" |
| 11 "And so Arjuna, disguised as Vrihannala, lived in the" |
| 12 "And so Nakula, disguised as Granthika, entered the service" |
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3 Kichaka-badha Parva. Bhima slays Kichaka, protects Draupadi; Duryodhana hunts Pandavas in Matsya. 12 51.2 5
| 14 "Bhima, with his mighty strength, held Kichaka's hand and" |
| 15 "And advancing towards her, he saluted her with reverence," |
| 16 "And having said this, Draupadi, with eyes red with" |
| 17 "Vaisampayana continued, 'Thus addressed by Bhima, Krishna replied, 'O'" |
| 18 "And she fell at his feet, and began to weep" |
| 19 "Then, O king, Draupadi, overcome with grief, and her" |
| 20 "And he wiped away her tears, and raised her up," |
| 21 "I will slay this wicked Kichaka, and avenge thy insult." |
| 22 Bhima's fierce battle with Kichaka! Bhima attacked with force, using nails and teeth as weapons. He tossed Kichaka around, finally killing him with a crushing blow. |
| 23 Bhima uprooted a tree and charged at the Sutas, slaying 105 and sending Draupadi back to the city. |
| 24 Draupadi, grateful to Bhima, met Arjuna and the girls. She requested to stay for 13 more days, promising benefit to the king. |
| 25 Duryodhana thrilled at Kichaka's demise, sets out to find Pandavas in Matsya. |
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4 Go-harana Parva. Arjuna revealed, defeats Kurus, restores Virata, seals alliance through marriage. 47 151.2 5
| 26 Duryodhana orders spies to find Pandavas, driven by desire for victory. |
| 27 Drona praises Pandavas, urges Duryodhana to search wisely. |
| 28 Bhishma praises Pandavas, urges honest counsel. |
| 29 Kripa advises Duryodhana to prepare for Pandavas' return. |
| 30 Susarman proposes invading Virata's kingdom to Duryodhana. |
| 31 Pandavas join King Virata's army to battle Trigartas. |
| 32 King Virata and Susarman clashed in fierce combat. |
| 33 Bhima defeated the Trigarta army and rescued King Virata. |
| 34 King Virata offered the Pandavas wealth and honor. |
| 35 The prince set out to battle, vowing to defeat the Kurus. |
| 36 Vrihannala and Uttara emerged victorious, rescuing the kine. |
| 37 Uttara and Vrihannala (Arjuna) emerged victorious, rescuing the kine. |
| 38 Arjuna and Uttara returned victorious, their bond stronger. |
| 39 The Kurus prepared for battle, suspecting the archer was Arjuna. |
| 40 Arjuna told Uttara to retrieve the Pandavas' bows, including his own mighty Gandiva. |
| 41 Uttara retrieved the bows, fearful of their snake-like appearance. |
| 42 Arjuna explained the origin of each weapon, attributing them to the Pandavas, describing their unique characteristics and strengths. |
| 43 Vrihannala described the Pandavas' weapons, attributing exceptional qualities to each, making them almost invincible in battle. |
| 44 Arjuna revealed his true identity, sharing stories of conquests and divine encounters, forging a lasting bond with Uttara. |
| 45 Arjuna's true identity revealed, his weapons appeared, and with reverence
, he received them. Their car thundered across the field, Arjuna laughing, assuring Uttara of victory. |
| 46 Arjuna's conch shell blared, terrifying Uttara. Drona recognized Arjuna's presence, warning the Kauravas of impending doom. |
| 47 Duryodhana suspected Bhishma of favoring the Pandavas, while Karna accused him of bias towards Arjuna. |
| 48 Karna boasted he'd defeat Arjuna alone, shooting arrows like locusts. |
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4 Go-harana Parva. Arjuna revealed, defeats Kurus, restores Virata, seals alliance through marriage. 47 151.2 5
| 49 Kripa warned Karna against underestimating Arjuna's prowess. |
| 50 Aswatthaman criticized Karna for boasting, saying true heroes don't brag. |
| 51 Bhishma urged unity, praising Drona and Aswatthaman's skills. |
| 52 Bhishma warned Duryodhana of a fierce Pandava battle. |
| 53 Arjuna advanced, his banner and car recognizable, striking fear into enemies. |
| 54 Arjuna advanced, his banner and car recognizable, fighting back with ferocity. |
| 55 Arjuna fought back with ferocity, covering the horizon with arrows, his legend growing. |
| 56 The Kurus' ranks resembled clouds, with warriors ready for battle. Celestials arrived, eager to witness the combat. |
| 57 Arjuna blew his conch, Devadatta, and engaged in a fierce battle with Kripa, cutting off his bow and coat of mail. |
| 58 Drona and Arjuna fought fiercely, exchanging arrows. Arjuna's skill prevailed, forcing Drona to retreat, wounded and defeated. |
| 59 Arjuna and Karna clashed like mighty elephants, their bows roaring like thunder. |
| 60 Arjuna's final blow shattered Karna's defenses, sending him fleeing in defeat. |
| 61 Arjuna vowed to triumph, unleashing celestial weapons. His bow sang with deadly rhythm, arrows striking true. |
| 62 Arjuna's arrows covered the Kurus, like mist on mountains. The field was a river of blood, with severed heads and bodies strewn about. |
| 63 Vaisampayana said, "Bhishma rushed at Arjuna, who received him gladly. Bhishma pierced Partha's flag-staff, but Arjuna cut off his umbrella." |
| 64 Vaisampayana said, "Duryodhana pierced Arjuna's forehead, but Arjuna struck back and Duryodhana fled, wounded and vomiting blood." |
| 65 Vaisampayana said, "Duryodhana turned back, stung by Arjuna's censures. Arjuna repelled the Kurus and blew his conch." |
| 66 Vaisampayana said, "Arjuna vanquished the Kurus, recovering Virata's cattle wealth." |
| 67 King Virata recovered his wealth, defeated the Trigartas, and received news of Uttara's victory. |
| 68 Uttara found Kanka wounded, struck by Virata for praising Vrihannala. |
| 69 Uttara credited a celestial youth with recovering the kine and defeating the Kauravas. |
| 70 Arjuna defended Yudhishthira's right to a royal seat, citing his virtues. |
| 71 Virata offered his kingdom and daughter to the Pandavas, welcoming them back with honor and celebration. |
| 72 Arjuna requested Virata's daughter Uttara as his daughter-in-law, and the wedding was held in Upaplavya. |
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5 Udyoga Paravka. Peace mission fails; Krishna revealed; war inevitable. 4/199 744 16:35:23
1 Introduction. Krishna’s Peace Mission, Vidura’s Wisdom, Kuru War Foretold. 40 33.6 28
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| 9 Indra's fear, hubris, violence birth Vritra; gods retreat, seek Vishnu. |
| 10 Indra tricks Vritra via Vishnu, wins, then vanishes burdened by guilt. |
| 11 Nahusha crowned, grows virtuous arrogant, lusts after Sachi, downfall begins. |
| 12 Nahusha lusts, defies counsel; Sachi delays, Vrihaspati protects, downfall approaches. |
| 13 Sachi delays Nahusha; Vishnu purifies Indra; sacrifice restores hope. |
| 14 Divination guides Sachi to hidden Indra; she urges his return. |
| 15 Indra plots Nahusha’s fall; Sachi tricks him into abusing sages.. |
| 16 Agni finds Indra; gods unite, restore him, prepare Nahusha’s overthrow.. |
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| 17 Agastya curses Nahusha; pride destroys him, Indra restored, cosmos rejoices.. |
| 18 Indra returns triumphant; lesson of endurance, righteousness, destiny assures Pandavas’ victory.. |
| 19 Pandava allies assemble seven Akshauhinis; Kauravas muster eleven, covering Kurujangala.. |
| 20 Pandava priest urges justice, peace; warns Kurus against war’s ruin.. |
| 21 Bhishma supports Pandavas’ rights; Karna protests; Dhritarashtra sends Sanjaya.. |
| 22 Dhritarashtra urges peace, sends Sanjaya, fearing Pandavas’ power and righteousness.. |
| 23 Sanjaya meets Yudhishthira; mutual courtesies, concerns for elders, warnings recalled.. |
| 24 Sanjaya reports state, recalls Pandava might, urges peace, delivers message.. |
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| 25 Sanjaya urges peace, praises Pandavas, warns war, conveys Dhritarashtra’s plea.. |
| 26 Yudhishthira favors peace, condemns Kaurava counsel, demands Indraprastha only.. |
| 27 Sanjaya urges peace, renunciation of desire, warns war destroys virtue.. |
| 28 Yudhishthira defends conditional duty, rejects unrighteous gain, defers final judgment Krishna.. |
| 29 Krishna upholds action, condemns injustice, seeks peace, warns inevitable war.. |
| 30 Sanjaya departs bearing universal goodwill; peace urged, Indraprastha demanded or war.. |
| 31 Yudhishthira seeks unity, forgives wrongs, asks five villages to avert war.. |
| 32 Sanjaya returns, reports Pandavas’ goodwill, rebukes Dhritarashtra, warns Kuru destruction.. |
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| 33 Vidura counsels Dhritarashtra: unrest from injustice; restore Pandavas, save dynasty.. |
| 34 Vidura warns Dhritarashtra: injustice, uncontrolled senses doom Kurus; heed Yudhishthira. |
| 35 Vidura urges truth, kindness, warns favoritism toward Duryodhana brings ruin. |
| 36 Vidura teaches restraint, truth, unity; urges peace, warns pride destroys dynasties. |
| 37 Vidura warns folly destroys kings; urges peace, intellect, restraint, Pandavas lions. |
| 38 Vidura teaches hospitality, restraint, secrecy, wise trust; unworthy power brings ruin. |
| 39 Vidura urges abandoning Duryodhana, favor Pandavas, choose virtue over destiny.. |
| 40 Vidura urges virtue; Dhritarashtra acknowledges wisdom yet clings Duryodhana still.. |
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2 Sanat-sujata Parva. Sanat-sujata’s Wisdom, Kuru Debate, Krishna’s Divinity Revealed. 31 104.3 1:26:55
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| 53 Dhritarashtra foresees Pandavas’ might, regrets war, urges peace, admits blindness.. |
| 54 Sanjaya rebukes king: injustice doomed Kurus; heed warnings, restrain sons.. |
| 55 Duryodhana boasts confidence, claims superior army, predicts certain victory.. |
| 56 Sanjaya describes Pandavas’ divine chariots, celestial steeds, confident readiness for war.. |
| 57 Pandavas assemble vast allies, assign foes; Dhritarashtra fears sons’ defeat.. |
| 58 Dhritarashtra begs peace; Duryodhana defies, sealing Kauravas’ tragic destruction.. |
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| 59 Sanjaya meets Krishna, Arjuna; peace urged, war inevitable, Pandavas destined victorious.. |
| 60 Dhritarashtra foresees Pandavas’ divine strength, urges peace to avert destruction.. |
| 61 Duryodhana mocks gods, boasts invincibility, arrogance sealing inevitable downfall.. |
| 62 Duryodhana mocks gods, boasts invincibility, arrogance sealing inevitable downfall.. |
| 63 Duryodhana boasts solo victory; Vidura extols self-restraint, virtue, true success.. |
| 64 Vidura warns division breeds ruin; unity preserves kin, peace averts destruction.. |
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3 Bhagwat Yana Parva. Krishna’s Embassy, Divine Revelation, Karna’s Choice, War Begins. 89 302.9 4:12:25
| 72 Yudhishthira asks Krishna for help, fearing for his safety. Krishna reassures him, offering to negotiate a peace. |
| 73 Krishna urges Yudhishthira to fight, citing Duryodhana's wrongdoings and deserving of death. |
| 74 Bhima urges Krishna to approach Duryodhana with mildness, fearing his wrath will destroy their race. |
| 75 Kesava surprises Bhima, recalling his vows to slay Duryodhana, and urges him to stand firm as a Kshatriya. |
| 76 Bhima boasts, "My arms can crush anyone! I'll trample all Kshatriyas!" |
| 77 Krishna tells Bhima, "I spoke out of affection. Success comes from Destiny and Exertion. War's burden will be on you and Arjuna." |
| 78 Arjuna: "O Krishna, strive for peace or accomplish our good. Duryodhana deserves destruction for his evil deeds." |
| 79 Krishna: "I'll strive for peace, but it's unlikely with Duryodhana." |
| 80 Nakula: "Speak words of mildness and threat, Krishna, and accomplish Yudhishthira's object." |
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| 91 Krishna refused Duryodhana's offers, supporting the virtuous Pandavas. |
| 92 Vidura warned Krishna of Duryodhana's wicked nature and cautioned him against entering a hostile environment. |
| 93 Krishna sought to liberate the earth from calamity, believing his efforts would have merit even if unsuccessful. |
| 94 Krishna and Vidura conversed, then Krishna proceeded to court, surrounded by soldiers and citizens, and took his seat in silence. |
| 95 Krishna urged Dhritarashtra to establish peace, warning of danger and destruction. |
| 96 Jamadagni's son warned Duryodhana: pride leads to defeat, make peace with Pandavas. |
| 97 Kanwa urged Duryodhana to make peace, citing eternal powers and wisdom over strength. |
| 98 Narada and Matali searched for a husband for Matali's daughter in Varuna's realm, beholding wonders. |
| 99 Narada described Patalam's wonders, seeking a bridegroom for Matali's daughter, but Matali saw none, fascinated by a mysterious egg. |
| 100 Narada showed Matali Hiranyapura, where powerful Danavas lived, but Matali refused to search for a bridegroom there due to god-Danava hostility. |
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| 101 Narada described birds, descendants of Garuda, who subsist on snakes and worship Vishnu, but lack compassion. |
| 102 Narada: "We're in Rasatala, where Surabhi's milk creates the Milky Ocean." |
| 103 Narada: "Bhogavati, ruled by Vasuki, king of Nagas. Shesha supports the earth." |
| 104 Narada praises Matali, strong and virtuous. Sumukha marries Gunakesi, granted immortality. |
| 105 Garuda boasts of his strength, challenges Indra, and is humbled by Vishnu's power. |
| 106 Narada tells the story of Galava and Viswamitra, where Galava fulfills a difficult task to grant his preceptor's wish. |
| 107 Galava, filled with regret, seeks Vishnu's help. Garuda appears, offering to take him to Vishnu. |
| 108 Garuda asks Galava to choose a direction: east (sacred), south (ancestors), west (sunset), or north (gods). |
| 109 Garuda describes Dakshina, where Pitris and celestials reside, and legendary events unfolded. |
| 110 Garuda describes the western quarter, favored by King Varuna, where the sun's rays dismiss at day's end. |
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| 111 Garuda describes the northern quarter, where virtue reigns, and Krishna, Jishnu, and Brahman reside. |
| 112 Galava asks Garuda to take him to the east, where gods reside, and is overwhelmed by Garuda's speed and beauty. |
| 113 Garuda's wings fell off after eating with Sandili, but she forgave him and restored them, warning against contempting women. |
| 114 Garuda advises Galava to seek wealth from King Yayati, who has immense wealth, to pay off his debt to Viswamitra. |
| 115 Yayati gives his daughter Madhavi to Galava as alms. |
| 116 Madhavi proposes a solution to Galava's demand for 800 steeds. |
| 117 Divodasa marries Madhavi, fathers Pratardana. |
| 118 Galava offers Madhavi to Usinara for 400 steeds. |
| 119 Garuda advises Galava to offer Madhavi and 600 steeds to Viswamitra. |
| 120 Madhavi chooses forest over Swayamvara, Yayati becomes proud and falls from grace. |
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| 141 Karna reveals his past to Krishna, refusing to join the Pandavas due to loyalty to Duryodhana. |
| 142 Krishna tells Karna that the Pandavas' victory is certain, their banner a symbol of triumph. He warns Karna of the impending battle, where the Pandavas will fight with all their might, and the sound of Gandiva will pierce the sky. He instructs Karna to inform the other kings that the time for battle has come, and those who die will attain an excellent state. |
| 143 Karna acknowledges defeat, describing omens and visions of Pandava victory. |
| 144 Kunti decides to use a boon to summon Surya, Karna's father, to persuade him to join the Pandavas. |
| 145 Kunti reveals to Karna that he is her son, born of Surya, and urges him to join the Pandavas. |
| 146 Karna refuses to join Pandavas, seeking redemption through fighting Arjuna. |
| 147 Bhishma advises Duryodhana to make peace with the Pandavas. |
| 148 Drona and Vidura urge Duryodhana to make peace with the Pandavas. |
| 149 Dhritarashtra advises Duryodhana to yield to Yudhishthira's rightful claim. |
| 150 Duryodhana refuses to yield to Yudhishthira's rightful claim. |
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| 151 Yudhishthira chooses Dhrishtadyumna as leader. |
| 152 Pandava army marches to Kurukshetra, blows conchs, roars with joy. |
| 153 Yudhishthira's army encamps at Kurukshetra, preparing for battle. |
| 154 Duryodhana prepares for war, setting up camps on Kurukshetra. |
| 155 Yudhishthira seeks Krishna's guidance, warning of Duryodhana's deceit. |
| 156 Duryodhana distributed his troops, equipping them with weapons and ornaments. |
| 157 Dhritarashtra's son asked Bhishma to lead their army. |
| 158 Yudhishthira prepared for battle, appointing leaders, as Balarama arrived and departed. |
| 159 Rukmi offered to help Arjuna, but was declined and departed. |
| 160 Dhritarashtra felt trapped by Duryodhana's actions, Sanjaya attributed war to destiny. |
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4 Uluka Dutagamana Parva. Uluka’s Taunts, Bhishma’s Vow, Shikhandi’s Destiny, Armies March. 39 142 1:58:20
| 161 Duryodhana sent Uluka to taunt the Pandavas, mocking Bhima's past as a cook and Arjuna's boasts. He claimed his army was unbeatable, like an uncrossable ocean, and ridiculed their allies. He said the Pandavas would repent and be crushed, with none spared. |
| 162 Uluka taunts Pandavas, mocking their past defeats. |
| 163 Uluka provokes Pandavas, Bhima vows to slay Duryodhana. |
| 164 Arjuna vowed to slay Bhishma, Bhima to quaff Dussasana's blood. |
| 165 Yudhishthira's army prepared to face the Kauravas, with key warriors assigned to battle each other. |
| 166 Bhishma boasted of his prowess, listing skilled warriors in the Kaurava army. |
| 167 Bhishma praised Kaurava warriors, naming notable Rathas. |
| 168 Bhishma praised Kaurava warriors, naming notable Rathas and Maharathas. |
| 169 Bhishma criticized Karna, calling him half a Ratha, leading to a heated exchange. |
| 170 Bhishma praised the Pandavas' strength, citing Arjuna as a mighty Ratha. |
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| 171 Bhishma praised Abhimanyu, Satyaki, and others as powerful allies of the Pandavas. |
| 172 Bhishma praised Sikhandin, Dhrishtadyumna, and others as mighty warriors. |
| 173 Bhishma praised warriors, predicting great feats, and vowed to fight with honor, except against Sikhandin. |
| 174 Bhishma defeated suitors in battle, taking three maidens by force, showcasing strength and valor. |
| 175 Amva begged Bhishma to let her go, revealing she had chosen another husband. |
| 176 Amva pleaded with Salwa, but he rejected her, fearing Bhishma. |
| 177 Amva, rejected by Salwa, sought redemption in ascetic life. |
| 178 Amva sought ascetic life; Hotravahana advised seeking Rama's help. |
| 179 Amva chose Rama to defeat Bhishma in battle. |
| 180 Rama vowed to slay Bhishma if necessary. |
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| 181 Bhishma and Rama faced off, refusing to back down. |
| 182 Bhishma and Rama fought fiercely, then Bhishma sought forgiveness. |
| 183 Bhishma and Rama fought fiercely, exchanging arrows. |
| 184 Bhishma and Rama fought fiercely, exchanging celestial weapons. |
| 185 Bhishma and Rama fought fiercely, with Brahmanas reviving Bhishma. The battle raged on for 23 days. |
| 186 Bhishma sought help from the gods and Brahmanas, and in a dream, they revealed the secret of the Praswapa weapon. |
| 187 Bhishma and Rama clashed, exchanging arrows. The Brahma weapon was invoked, causing chaos. Bhishma recalled the Praswapa weapon. |
| 188 Bhishma and Rama clashed, but celestial voices intervened, ending the battle with mutual respect. |
| 189 Maiden sought revenge on Bhishma, practiced asceticism, became a river. |
| 190 Princess of Kasi sought revenge, practiced austerities, and became Shikhandi, destined to defeat Bhishma, with Lord Rudra's promise. |
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| 191 King Drupada's child, Shikhandi, born a daughter, later became a man. |
| 192 Drupada raised Shikhandi as a son, but her true gender was discovered, enraging King Hiranyavarman. |
| 193 King Drupada sought his wife's counsel, fearing Hiranyavarman's wrath over Sikhandin's gender. |
| 194 Sikhandin's mother revealed the truth to King Drupada, and Sikhandin sought a Yaksha's boon to become a man. |
| 195 Sikhandin, a woman, became a man with Yaksha's help. Bhishma vowed not to slay her. |
| 196 Duryodhana asked Bhishma how long to defeat Pandavas. Bhishma said a month. Karna boasted five days, but Bhishma doubted him. |
| 197 Arjuna boasted he could exterminate the three worlds with Vasudeva's help. He listed their allies, saying they could slay the celestial army. Yudhishthira expressed confidence in their strength. |
| 198 Kings marched against Pandavas, purified and armed. Led by Duryodhana, they included Vinda, Bhishma, and others, ready for battle. |
| 199 Yudhishthira's army marched against the Kauravas, led by Dhrishtadyumna and other warriors, with thousands of elephants, horses, and foot-soldiers. |
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6 Bhishma Parva. War opens; cosmic geography; Gita; Bhishma falls. 3/124 597 13:35:33
| 1 Jamvu-khanda Nirmana. Battle Begins; Vyasa Grants Vision; Earth and Cosmos Described. 10 39.9 33:15
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| 2 Bhumi. Sanjaya Describes Sacred Islands, Virtuous Realms Beyond Bharata. 2 9.7 8:05
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3 Bhagavat-Gita. Bhishma Falls; Gita Revealed; Cosmic Vision; War Rages. 112 540.5 7:30
| 13 Sanjaya announces Bhishma's fall to Dhritarashtra, lamenting his bravery and honor. |
| 14 Dhritarashtra, with tears and a trembling voice, asks Sanjaya about Bhishma's final moments. |
| 15 Sanjaya tells Dhritarashtra that fate is to blame, not Duryodhana, and shares his divine sight of the battle. |
| 16 Sanjaya describes the battlefield, detailing the splendor of the armies and warriors, comparing them to clouds, lightning, and fire. Bhishma shines like the moon, and the armies are like two oceans about to clash. |
| 17 Sanjaya describes the armies of the Kurus and Pandavas, led by Bhishma and Dhrishtadyumna. Warriors like Aswatthaman and Drona prepare for battle, their standards and weapons shining like fire, sun, and moon. The earth trembles beneath their feet. |
| 18 Sanjaya describes the intense battle preparations, with warriors ready to fight. The earth trembles with loud sounds, and golden standards shine like fire and sun. Legendary warriors like Bhishma take their positions, ready for chaos and destruction. |
| 19 Dhritarashtra asks Sanjaya about Yudhishthira's counter-array. Sanjaya describes the Pandava army's formation, with Bhima leading the charge, striking fear into the enemy's hearts. |
| 20 Dhritarashtra asks Sanjaya to describe the battle's beginning. Sanjaya describes the two armies, with the Pandavas shining like celestials and the Kauravas appearing like Danavas. |
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| 21 Arjuna tells Yudhisthira that their righteousness will lead them to victory, with Krishna on their side. |
| 22 Pandava army forms up, Yudhishthira at center, Bhima & Arjuna ready. Krishna urges Arjuna to attack Bhishma. Epic battle looms. |
| 23 Krishna advises Arjuna to invoke Durga, the goddess of strength, before battle. Arjuna praises her, seeking victory. Durga appears, granting her boon and promising success. |
| 24 Dhritarashtra asks Sanjaya about the battle's start. Sanjaya describes both armies as cheerful and fragrant, with a fierce collision. |
| 25 Dhritarashtra asks Sanjaya to describe the battle's start. Arjuna, overcome with emotion, hesitates to fight his kin. |
| 26 Krishna advises Arjuna to fight, teaching selfless action and yoga for inner peace. |
| 27 Arjuna questions Krishna's teachings, and Krishna explains the importance of both devotion and selfless action. |
| 28 Krishna reveals his eternal nature and urges Arjuna to perform duties without attachment, emphasizing knowledge, devotion, and selfless action. |
| 29 Krishna teaches Arjuna that selfless action and devotion are superior, leading to spiritual growth and liberation. |
| 30 Krishna teaches Arjuna about devotion, saying it requires renouncing desires, restraining senses, and equal vision. |
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| 31 Krishna reveals his supreme nature, source of all creatures, beyond three qualities, dear to men of knowledge, promising attainment of desires and union with him. |
| 32 Arjuna asks Krishna about Brahman, Adhyatma, and action. Krishna explains Brahman as supreme reality and two paths after death. |
| 33 Krishna reveals to Arjuna that he is the supreme reality, creator, and supporter of all entities, and that worshiping him leads to freedom and eternal tranquility. |
| 34 Krishna reveals his divine perfections to Arjuna, declaring he is the soul, origin, and end of all beings, and the source of everything. |
| 35 Arjuna sees Krishna's universal form, beholding his majesty and greatness, and bows down in awe and fear. |
| 36 Krishna says devotees who fix their minds on him and
surrender all actions are dearest to him. |
| 37 Krishna explains Kshetra (body) and Kshetrajna (soul), highlighting the soul's conscious nature. |
| 38 Krishna explains three qualities (gunas): goodness, passion, darkness. Transcending them leads to immortality and union with Brahma. |
| 39 The eternal Ashvattha tree represents life and death. Cutting attachment leads to the supreme seat, beyond pleasure and pain. |
| 40 God-like qualities: fearlessness, purity, compassion. Demoniac qualities: hypocrisy, pride, wrath. |
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| 41 Arjuna asks about those who abandon scriptural ordinances. Krishna explains three kinds of faith: good, passionate, and dark, leading to different forms of worship. |
| 42 Arjuna asks about renunciation and abandonment. Krishna explains and encourages seeking refuge in Him for freedom and perfection. |
| 43 Yudhishthira seeks blessings from elders before battle. |
| 44 Pandavas and Kauravas clash, Bhishma shines, outcome uncertain. |
| 45 Bhishma and Arjuna clash, Satyaki and Kritavarman fight fiercely, Abhimanyu gains upper hand, Bhimasena and Duryodhana show great prowess, and chaos ensues. |
| 46 Warriors clash, elephants and cars crash, heroes fall, and blood soaks the earth. Bhishma's standard shines, Pandavas waver, and the battle rages on. |
| 47 Abhimanyu duels Bhishma, piercing him with nine arrows. Pandavas join forces, fighting intensely. Sweta kills Salya. Battle rages on, outcome uncertain. Abhimanyu shines, bravery unmatched. |
| 48 Sweta duels Bhishma, falls to his arrows. Pandavas mourn, Kauravas rejoice. War rages on. |
| 49 Missing |
| 50 Dhritarashtra lamented Sweta's fall, blaming Duryodhana. Arjuna duelled Bhishma, seeking revenge. Dhrishtadyumna slew Bhishma, and the Pandavas won. |
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| 51 Duryodhana rallied his troops, saying, "United, we're invincible!" Conches blew, a deafening din shook the earth, and battle began. |
| 52 Dhritarashtra asked Sanjaya how the battle began. Bhishma and Arjuna engaged in a fierce duel, evenly matched. |
| 53 Drona and Dhrishtadyumna fought fiercely, exchanging arrows. Bhima aided Dhrishtadyumna, piercing Drona with seven arrows. |
| 54 Bhima fought the king of Kalingas, slew his son Sakradeva, and then killed the king. |
| 55 Abhimanyu fought Salya, Kripa, and Aswatthaman, and Arjuna joined the battle, leading the Pandavas to victory. |
| 56 The Kuru army, led by Bhishma, clashed with the Pandavas in a fierce battle. |
| 57 The battle raged on, with Dhananjaya causing great carnage, and both sides suffering heavy losses. |
| 58 Arjuna fought off thousands of cars with his gold-decked arrows, while Bhimasena and Ghatotkacha achieved great feats. |
| 59 Arjuna fought off thousands of cars with his arrows. |
| 60 Arjuna and Bhishma clashed, their bows twanging loudly as they shot arrows at each other. |
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| 91 Sanjaya described the battle to Dhritarashtra, Iravat fought fiercely. |
| 92 Ghatotkacha roared, charged at Duryodhana, seeking to avenge his family. |
| 93 Ghatotkacha shot a dart, killing Bhagadatta's elephant, frightening Kurus. |
| 94 Ghatotkacha shot a dart, killing elephant, frightening Duryodhana's troops. |
| 95 Duryodhana attacked Bhimasena, who seized a mace and charged back. |
| 96 Duryodhana sought Bhishma's help to defeat Ghatotkacha in battle. |
| 97 Arjuna grieved over Iravat's death and vowed to fight on. |
| 98 Duryodhana conspired with Karna to defeat the Pandavas. |
| 99 Bhishma vowed to fight fiercely, but avoid Sikhandin. |
| 100 Kaurava and Pandava armies clash, earth trembles, quarters ablaze. |
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| 111 Pandavas and Kauravas clash in intense battle, Arjuna leads charge. |
| 112 Pandavas and Kauravas engage in fierce battles, many duels unfold. |
| 113 Drona penetrates Pandava ranks, predicts Arjuna's attack on Bhishma. |
| 114 Bhimasena fights ten Kaurava warriors, displaying remarkable prowess. |
| 115 Arjuna and Bhima fight valiantly, displaying great prowess. |
| 116 Bhishma and Arjuna clash, their arrows meeting in mid-air. |
| 117 Bhishma's bow and arrows rage like fire, consuming all. |
| 118 Sikhandin strikes Bhishma, but Bhishma doesn't retaliate, remembering femininity. |
| 119 Bhishma fights valiantly, slaying thousands in fierce battle. |
| 120 Bhishma fights valiantly, pierced by many arrows, decides to wait. |
| 121 Dhritarashtra lamented Bhishma's fall, regarding the Kurus as slain. |
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7 Dronabhisheka Parva. Drona commands; Abhimanyu slain; Arjuna kills Jayadratha; night carnage. 5/203 986 22:43:29
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2 Abhimanyu-badha. Abhimanyu Slain; Arjuna Vows Revenge; Jayadratha Doomed. 51 158.8 2:12:20
| 31 Drona's vow broken, Abhimanyu slayed, Kauravas rejoice, Pandavas grieve. |
| 32 Sanjaya praises Pandavas, describes Abhimanyu's death to Dhritarashtra. |
| 33 Abhimanyu agrees to break Drona's array, vowing to succeed. |
| 34 Abhimanyu breaks into Drona's array, fearlessly striking down thousands. |
| 35 Abhimanyu fearlessly strikes down Kaurava warriors, displaying remarkable strength. |
| 36 Abhimanyu battles Salya's brother and followers with skill and strength. |
| 37 Abhimanyu showers arrows on Kaurava warriors, piercing Drona and others. |
| 38 Abhimanyu wounds Duhsasana, who faints, and Pandavas rejoice at victory. |
| 39 Abhimanyu beheads Karna's brother, causing chaos in the Kaurava host. |
| 40 Jayadratha single-handedly checks Pandava army's advance with Mahadeva's boon. |
| 41 Jayadratha fights valiantly, piercing Pandavas with arrows, praised for might. |
| 42 Abhimanyu penetrates Kaurava array, fights off warriors with mighty energy. |
| 43 Abhimanyu defeats many car-warriors, slays hundreds of kings. |
| 44 Abhimanyu defeats many warriors, including Lakshmana, Duryodhana's son. |
| 45 Abhimanyu, youthful and invincible, penetrates Kaurava array, paralyzing opponents. |
| 46 Abhimanyu battles Kaurava warriors, displaying remarkable skill and strength. |
| 47 Abhimanyu fights valiantly, slaying many, before being struck down. |
| 48 The warriors return, covered in blood and grief, to camp. |
| 49 King Yudhishthira laments Abhimanyu's death, feeling responsible for tragedy. |
| 50 Yudhishthira laments Abhimanyu's death, and Vyasa comforts him about Death. |
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| 51 Sthanu appeals to Brahma to stop destruction, filled with compassion. |
| 52 Narada tells story of Death, created by Brahma to destroy. |
| 53 missing |
| 54 missing |
| 55 King Srinjaya's son Suvarnashthivin was born with a golden body. |
| 56 King Suhotra, a virtuous hero, fell prey to death. |
| 57 King Paurava, a heroic king, fell prey to death. |
| 58 King Sivi, son of Usinara, fell prey to death. |
| 59 Rama, son of Dasaratha, fell prey to death, delighted subjects. |
| 60 King Bhagiratha, descendant of Ikshvaku, was dead, gave golden steps. |
| 61 King Dilipa, son of Havila, fell prey to death, performed sacrifices. |
| 62 Mandhatri, son of Yuvanaswa, fell prey to death, conquered earth. |
| 63 Yayati, son of Nahusha, fell prey to death, performed sacrifices. |
| 64 Amvarisha, son of Nabhaga, battled kings, performed sacrifices, gave gifts. |
| 65 King Sasavindu, great warrior, performed sacrifices, gave away sons. |
| 66 Gaya, son of Amartarayas, pleased Agni, performed many sacrifices. |
| 67 Rantideva gave away wealth, food, and treasures to Brahmanas. |
| 68 Bharata, son of Dushmanta, showed great strength and gave away wealth. |
| 69 King Prithu, son of Vena, protected people and gave generously. |
| 70 Rama, son of Jamadagni, will die despite his great virtues. |
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3 Jayadratha-Vadha. Arjuna Battles Through Armies; Jayadratha Slain Before Sunset. 80 370.2 5:09
| 82 King Yudhishthira rises, prays, and meets Krishna with grandeur. |
| 83 King Yudhishthira meets Krishna, relying on him for victory. |
| 84 Arjuna meets Yudhishthira and Vasudeva, and they proceed to battle. |
| 85 Dhritarashtra laments Abhimanyu's slaughter and warns of Pandava power. |
| 86 Sanjaya criticizes Dhritarashtra for failing to prevent the war. |
| 87 Drona arrays his army in a mighty Sakata formation. |
| 88 Arjuna's arrows cover his foes, striking off heads and chaos. |
| 89 Duhsasana's elephant force attacked Arjuna, who slew them easily. |
| 90 Arjuna battles Drona, seeking to penetrate the Kaurava array. |
| 91 Arjuna battles Drona, using Brahma weapon, and slays others. |
| 92 Arjuna battles the Kuru army, invoking the Sakra weapon. |
| 93 Duryodhana seeks Drona's help, gets magical armor to fight. |
| 94 The Kurus and Pandavas engage in a fierce and awful battle. |
| 95 The Kurus and Pandavas engage in a fierce and intense battle. |
| 96 Kurus and Pandavas engage in fierce battle, warriors fight fearlessly. |
| 97 Drona and Satyaki engage in fierce battle, exchanging blows intensely. |
| 98 Arjuna and Vasudeva proceed through enemy troops, Arjuna shines. |
| 99 Arjuna and Vasudeva proceed, routing the enemy with ease. |
| 100 Arjuna and Vasudeva pierce through enemy host, freed from danger. |
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| 101 Vasudeva urges Arjuna to fight Duryodhana, the root of wrongs. |
| 102 Arjuna and Duryodhana engage in intense battle, armor repels weapons. |
| 103 Kuru warriors rush towards Arjuna, blowing conchs, engaging in battle. |
| 104 Dhritarashtra asks Sanjaya to describe warriors' diverse golden standards. |
| 105 Dhritarashtra asks Sanjaya to describe the fierce battle between Panchalas. |
| 106 Vrihatkshatra and Kshemadhurti engage in a fierce duel, Vrihatkshatra wins. |
| 107 Somadatta's son pierces Draupadi's sons, but they surround and kill him. |
| 108 Ghatotkacha and Alamvusha engage in fierce duel, Ghatotkacha wins. |
| 109 Yuyudhana and Drona battle, Yudhishthira sends Satyaki to aid Arjuna. |
| 110 not there |
| 111 Satyaki agrees to follow Arjuna and slay Jayadratha, assures Yudhishthira. |
| 112 Satyaki charges forward, determined to follow Arjuna despite warnings. |
| 113 Dhritarashtra lamented, "Our army is being slain by Pandavas." |
| 114 Satyaki defeated Kritavarman and fought the Trigarta warriors bravely. |
| 115 Yuyudhana fought valiantly, shooting arrows at Drona and Duryodhana. |
| 116 Drona and Satyaki engaged in a fierce battle, exchanging arrows. |
| 117 Satyaki vanquished Drona, scattering arrows, and slew Sudarsana's forces. |
| 118 Satyaki slays Sudarsana, approaches Arjuna, and routs Kaurava army. |
| 119 Yuyudhana proceeds towards Arjuna, slaying Kaurava troops like a hunter. |
| 120 Dhritarashtra's sons no match for Yuyudhana's fearless fighting skills. |
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| 121 Drona rebuked Duhsasana, attacked Panchalas, and emerged victorious. |
| 122 Duhsasana attacked Satyaki, but Satyaki stood firm and victorious. |
| 123 Duryodhana fought valiantly, but Yudhishthira cut off his bow. |
| 124 Drona fought valiantly, slaying many warriors with his shafts. |
| 125 Yudhishthira's anxiety grew, fearing for Arjuna and Satyaki's safety. |
| 126 Bhima prepared to leave, entrusting Yudhishthira's safety to Dhrishtadyumna, and rushed into battle. |
| 127 Bhimasena crossed the car-force, Drona showered arrows, Bhima hurled mace. |
| 128 Dhritarashtra feared Bhimasena, who fought Karna with mighty arrows. |
| 129 Duryodhana, wrathful, approached Drona after troops were defeated. |
| 130 Bhima and Karna fought fiercely, exchanging blows and arrows. |
| 131 Bhima and Karna fought fiercely, exchanging blows and arrows. |
| 132 Bhima and Karna fought fiercely, exchanging blows and arrows. |
| 133 Bhima and Karna clashed, exchanging blows and arrows fiercely. |
| 134 Dhritarashtra lamented Karna's defeat, realizing Bhima's unmatched strength. |
| 135 Bhima and Karna fiercely battled, exchanging blows and arrows. |
| 136 Bhima and Karna battled fiercely, exchanging blows and arrows. |
| 137 Karna and Bhima fiercely battled, exchanging arrowy showers intensely. |
| 138 Karna and Bhima battled fiercely, exchanging arrows and blows. |
| 139 Dhritarashtra lamented Arjuna's penetration, asked Sanjaya to describe Satyaki's fight. |
| 140 Sanjaya described Satyaki's bravery, approaching Arjuna's car alone. |
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| 141 Satyaki and Bhurisravas engaged in a fierce and intense battle. |
| 142 Bhurisravas rebuked Arjuna for cutting off his arm in battle. |
| 143 Dhritarashtra asked how Satyaki was defeated by Bhurisravas. |
| 144 Arjuna fought through the Kuru army to kill Jayadratha. |
| 145 Arjuna fought through the Kuru army to reach Jayadratha. |
| 146 Arjuna fought through Kuru army, showing mercy to Kripa. |
| 147 Bhima enraged by Karna's insults, reminds Arjuna of their vow. |
| 148 Krishna worshipped Yudhishthira, saying, "Your prosperity increases, your foe slain." |
| 149 Suyodhana grieves, regrets relying on Karna,
and seeks redemption. |
| 150 Drona grieves, regretting his advice was not heeded, blames Duryodhana. |
| 151 Duryodhana blames Drona, Karna defends him, citing Arjuna's prowess. |
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4 Ghatotkacha-badha. Night Battle Rages; Ghatotkacha Slain; Karna’s Dart Spent. 32 167.9 2:19:55
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| 176 Alayudha, a powerful Rakshasa, sought revenge for his kinsmen. |
| 177 Alayudha, a powerful Rakshasa, joined the battle to fight. |
| 178 Ghatotkacha slew Alayudha, a powerful Rakshasa, in battle. |
| 179 Ghatotkacha, delighted after slaying Alayudha, uttered loud victorious roars. |
| 180 Vasudeva celebrated, revealing Karna's dart had been baffled, making him vulnerable. |
| 181 Vasudeva explained how powerful warriors were slain through clever means. |
| 182 Vasudeva protected Arjuna, rendering Karna's dart fruitless in battle. |
| 183 Dhritarashtra lamented Karna's dart killing Ghatotkacha, not Arjuna or Krishna. |
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| 5 Drona-vadha. Drona Slain by Stratagem; Aswatthaman Unleashes Narayana Weapon. 10 133.3 1:51:01
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8 Karna Parva. Karna commands; fierce duels; Bhima slays Duhshasana; Arjuna kills Karna. 1/96 558 12:36:59
| 1 Kauravas grieve over Drona's fall, make Karna their generalissimo. |
| 2 Sanjaya reports Karna's fall to distressed King Dhritarashtra. |
| 3 Drona falls, Duryodhana rallies troops with Karna as generalissimo. |
| 4 Dhritarashtra falls, overcome with grief, upon hearing of Drona's death. |
| 5 Dhritarashtra learns of battle's outcome, laments destruction and loss. |
| 6 Dhritarashtra asks Sanjaya about slain Pandavas, including Abhimanyu. |
| 7 Dhritarashtra mourns loss of warriors, overcome with grief and sorrow. |
| 8 King Dhritarashtra lamented Karna's death, praising his strength and bravery. |
| 9 Dhritarashtra lamented Karna's death, praising his strength and bravery. |
| 10 Kauravas install Karna as commander, hoping to defeat Pandavas. |
| 11 Karna's army was arrayed, his car shone like the sun. |
| 12 Bhima and Kshemadhurti clashed, their elephants locking tusks fiercely. |
| 13 Karna attacked Pandavas, Nakula and Satyaki fought back fiercely. |
| 14 Srutakarman and Citrasena fought fiercely, exchanging arrows and falling. |
| 15 Drona's son and Bhima fought fiercely, exchanging arrows intensely. |
| 16 Arjuna penetrated the samsaptaka force, causing chaos and destruction. |
| 17 Arjuna and Ashvatthama fought a fierce battle, exchanging blazing shafts. |
| 18 Arjuna fought Dandadhara and Danda, killing them with arrows. |
| 19 Arjuna slew many warriors, cutting off heads and weapons. |
| 20 Pandya, a skilled warrior, fought Ashvatthama in a fierce battle. |
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| 21 Karna and Pandavas clashed, filling the sky with arrows. |
| 22 Pandavas and Kauravas clashed in an intense and fierce battle. |
| 23 Sahadeva defeats Duhshasana, routing Duryodhana’s fleeing division. |
| 24 Nakula and Karna clashed, Karna emerged victorious and mocked Nakula. |
| 25 Yuyutsu, Srutakarman, and Shakuni emerged victorious in their battles. |
| 26 Kripa and Kritavarma victorious, Pandava army flees in defeat. |
| 27 Arjuna battled many warriors, unleashing thousands of shafts victoriously. |
| 28 Pandavas and Kauravas clashed in a fierce and chaotic battle. |
| 29 Yudhishthira and Duryodhana engaged in a fierce and intense duel. |
| 30 Kauravas and Pandavas clashed in an intense and bloody battle. |
| 31 Karna vowed to defeat Arjuna, boasting of his abilities. |
| 32 Duryodhana asks Shalya to be Karna's driver in battle. |
| 33 Duryodhana tells Shalya the story of gods and Asuras. |
| 34 Duryodhana tells Shalya the story of gods vs. Asuras battle. |
| 35 Duryodhana asks Shalya to be Karna's driver in battle. |
| 36 Duryodhana asks Shalya to be Karna's driver in battle. |
| 37 Karna boasts to Shalya about his prowess, fearing no one. |
| 38 Karna offers rewards to anyone who can show him Arjuna. |
| 39 Shalya tries to dissuade Karna from fighting Arjuna, calling him foolish. |
| 40 Karna defends his merit and boasts of his strength and weapons. |
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| 41 Shalya tells Karna a story about a boastful crow. |
| 42 Karna boasts of his abilities, vowing to defeat Arjuna. |
| 43 Karna tells Shalya he cannot be intimidated in battle. |
| 44 Karna and Shalya argue, Karna criticizes Shalya's character and clan. |
| 45 Karna and Shalya argue, exchanging criticisms and insults. |
| 46 Karna and Shalya exchange words before the epic battle. |
| 47 Arjuna charges against the samsaptakas, fierce battle ensues. |
| 48 Karna penetrates Pandava troops, slays many, and afflicts Yudhishthira. |
| 49 Karna rushes towards Y
udhishthira, cutting off weapons and slaying foes. |
| 50 Bhima and Karna clash, exchanging blows in intense battle. |
| 51 Bhima defeats Karna, killing his brothers and striking him. |
| 52 Warriors fight fiercely, elephants and horses clash in intense battle. |
| 53 Arjuna clashes with samsaptakas, emerges victorious with unmatched valor. |
| 54 Kuru and Pandava armies clash in fierce battle, Shikhandi duels. |
| 55 Ashvatthama showcases archery skills, covering sky with arrows, Pandavas retreat. |
| 56 Ashvatthama showcases archery skills, covering the sky with arrows. |
| 57 Duryodhana rallies troops, Ashvatthama vows revenge, fierce battle ensues. |
| 58 Krishna shows Arjuna the battlefield's carnage and bravery. |
| 59 Karna and Pandavas clash, Dhrishtadyumna and Karna engage in combat. |
| 60 Krishna points out Yudhishthira, pursued by Dhartarashtra's mighty bowmen. |
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| 61 Dhritarashtra asks Sanjaya to describe the battle between Pandavas. |
| 62 Sanjaya describes the battle to Dhritarashtra, Arjuna arrives on scene. |
| 63 Karna afflicts Kaikayas, kills 500 warriors, pursues Yudhishthira. |
| 64 Ashvatthama battles Arjuna, baffling his weapons, invoking aindra weapon. |
| 65 Arjuna finds wounded Yudhishthira, rejoices, and worships his feet. |
| 66 Yudhishthira welcomes Krishna and Arjuna, rejoicing at Karna's defeat. |
| 67 Arjuna battles Ashvatthama, destroying arrows and afflicting him with shafts. |
| 68 Yudhishthira rebukes Arjuna for not killing Karna, feeling betrayed. |
| 69 Krishna calms Arjuna, suggests symbolic disrespect to Yudhishthira. |
| 70 Arjuna boasts of strength, seeks forgiveness, promises to slay Karna. |
| 71 Krishna praises Arjuna's virtue, bids him slay Karna. |
| 72 Arjuna prepares to face Karna, equipping his chariot and steeds. |
| 73 "Karna is determined to vanquish you, Arjuna, slay him today." |
| 74 "Arjuna prepares to fight Karna, vows to emerge victorious." |
| 75 "Pandava army roared like clouds, weapons flashing like lightning." |
| 76 Bhima advances into battle, eager to fight the enemy. |
| 77 Arjuna and Bhima advanced in battle, their bows flashing. |
| 78 Karna's prowess was great, checking the entire Pandava army. |
| 79 Arjuna and Karna engage in a fierce duel, determining fate. |
| 80 Arjuna rescues Bhima with a hail of arrows, causing chaos. |
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| 81 Arjuna fights off car-warriors and Mlecchas, Bhimasena joins with mace. |
| 82 Karna destroys Pancalas, Arjuna and Bhimasena fight back fiercely. |
| 83 Bhima battles Duhshasana, fueled by rage, and kills him. |
| 84 Bhima and Arjuna fight Karna's son Vrishasena in battle. |
| 85 Arjuna kills Karna's son Vrishasena in a fierce battle. |
| 86 Karna and Arjuna engage in an intense battle, bows drawn. |
| 87 Karna and Arjuna engage in a fierce duel, gods watch. |
| 88 Karna and Arjuna engage in fierce battle, gods watch in awe. |
| 89 Karna and Arjuna engage in fierce battle, gods watch. |
| 90 Karna and Arjuna engage in fierce battle, gods watch. |
| 91 Vasudeva rebukes Karna, "Where was your virtue when Draupadi..." |
| 92 Shalya advanced, wrathful, as troops were crushed, Duryodhana sorrowed. |
| 93 Dhritarashtra asked Sanjaya to describe the Kuru army's state. |
| 94 Shalya described the battlefield to Duryodhana, chaos and destruction. |
| 95 Kauravas fled in fear after Karna's death, hopeless and grief-stricken. |
| 96 Krishna embraced Arjuna, saying, "Tell Yudhishthira of your victory." |
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9 Shalya Parva. Shalya leads; Yudhishthira slays him; Bhima fells Duryodhana. 1/69 371 8:27:11
| 1 Duryodhana grief-stricken after Karna's death, resolves to continue fighting. |
| 2 Dhritarashtra lamented, "My sons have perished, all is lost." |
| 3 After Karna's death, great fear entered hearts of Dhritarashtra's sons. |
| 4 Kripa advises Duryodhana to seek peace with the Pandavas. |
| 5 Duryodhana rejects peace, chooses fame and glorious death in battle. |
| 6 Ashvatthama recommends Shalya as generalissimo to lead their army. |
| 7 Shalya accepts command, vows to vanquish Pandavas, and troops cheer. |
| 8 King Duryodhana commands warriors to arm for battle against Pandavas. |
| 9 Fierce battle between Kurus and Srinjayas, like gods vs Asuras. |
| 10 Madra king Shalya fights Pandavas, Nakula kills Chitrasena and brothers. |
| 11 Pandavas and Kauravas engage in fierce battle, Bhima fights Shalya. |
| 12 Bhima and Shalya engage in fierce duel with maces. |
| 13 Shalya single-handedly fights Pandavas, repelling attacks with formidable bow. |
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| 14 Arjuna fights son of Drona, destroys 2,000 cars in battle. |
| 15 Duryodhana and Dhrishtadyumna fight fiercely, shooting showers of arrows. |
| 16 Shalya and Yudhishthira engage in a fierce duel, exchanging arrows. |
| 17 Yudhishthira and Shalya engage in a fierce duel, exchanging arrows. |
| 18 Madraka warriors fought Pandavas, despite Duryodhana's orders to stop. |
| 19 Kuru army fled in fear after Shalya's fall, leaderless and frightened. |
| 20 Shalva, Mleccha king, rode elephant against Pandavas with fierce shafts. |
| 21 Kritavarma resisted Pandavas after Salwa's death, dueled Satyaki fiercely. |
| 22 Duryodhana fought fiercely, covering the earth with thousands of arrows. |
| 23 Duryodhana's army rallied, fighting Pandavas with intense ferocity and portents. |
| 24 Shakuni re-entered battle, urging Kshatriyas to fight, vowing victory. |
| 25 Arjuna's shafts struck the Kaurava army, causing them to flee. |
| 26 Bhimasena destroyed an elephant division, killing many of Duryodhana's sons. |
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| 27 Krishna urged Arjuna to slay Duryodhana and remaining troops. |
| 28 Sahadeva and Shakuni exchange arrows in intense battle, Sahadeva prevails. |
| 29 Duryodhana fled, wounded and humiliated, and entered a lake. |
| 30 Duryodhana fled to a lake, refusing to fight again. |
| 31 Yudhishthira called out to Duryodhana, "Arise and fight, O king!" |
| 32 Duryodhana emerged from the lake, mace in hand, to fight. |
| 33 Bhimasena vowed to slay Duryodhana, ending his reign of terror. |
| 34 Rama arrived to witness the battle between Bhimasena and Duryodhana. |
| 35 Rama went on a pilgrimage to the Sarasvati River. |
| 36 Trita was thrown into a pit by his brothers. |
| 37 Baladeva visited tirthas along Sarasvati River, giving away wealth. |
| 38 Janamejaya asked about Sapta-Saraswat and Mankanaka's remarkable feat. |
| 39 Baladeva worshipped at Usanas, a tirtha with a Rakshasa story. |
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| 40 Janamejaya asked about Arshtishena, Sindhudwipa, Devapi, and Vishvamitra's stories. |
| 41 Vaishampayana said, "Vaka poured Dhritarashtra's kingdom as a libation." |
| 42 Vishvamitra and Vasishtha's rivalry led to a curse. |
| 43 Sarasvati flowed with blood, Rishis freed her, Indra bathed. |
| 44 Skanda, born from Maheshvara's seed, became celestial generalissimo. |
| 45 Gods invested Kartikeya as generalissimo, gave diverse companions and shouted. |
| 46 Mothers, slayers of foes, followed Kartikeya to destroy daityas. |
| 47 Janamejaya asked about Varuna's installation as Lord of waters. |
| 48 Sruvavati practiced austerities to win Indra's heart, impressing him. |
| 49 Baladeva visited Indra's tirtha and other sacred places, worshipping gods. |
| 50 Asita-Devala, a virtuous Rishi, worshipped ascetic Jaigishavya in his asylum. |
| 51 Bala proceeded to Sarasvata's tirtha, where a great battle fought. |
| 52 Maiden created by Kuni-Garga practiced severe penances, refused marriage. |
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| 53 Samantapanchaka is Brahman's northern altar, where sacrifices are performed. |
| 54 Baladeva visited a hermitage, beheld a sacred tirtha, and bathed. |
| 55 Bhima and Duryodhana clashed with uplifted maces in fierce battle. |
| 56 Bhima and Duryodhana engaged in a fierce verbal battle beforehand. |
| 57 Bhima and Duryodhana fought fiercely, their maces producing loud sounds. |
| 58 Bhima and Duryodhana fight, Vasudeva advises Bhima to cheat. |
| 59 Bhima insults Duryodhana, touches head with foot, Yudhishthira intervenes. |
| 60 Baladeva enraged by Bhima's unfair strike on Duryodhana, Krishna intervenes. |
| 61 Pandavas celebrate Duryodhana's fall, Krishna cautions against cruel speeches. |
| 62 Pandavas celebrate victory, enter Duryodhana's tent, Krishna directs Arjuna. |
| 63 Yudhishthira sent Krishna to comfort Gandhari after the battle. |
| 64 Duryodhana lamented his fate, struck down unfairly by Bhimasena. |
| 65 Ashvatthama finds Duryodhana on ground, covered in blood and dust. |
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| 10 Shalya Parva. Ashvatthama massacres sleeping foes; Brahma weapon; Parikshit spared. 1/18 89 1:55:18
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11 Stri Parva. Women lament slain heroes; Kunti reveals Karna’s true birth. 2/27 91 1:58:44
1 Jalapradanika. Dhritarashtra’s Grief, Vidura’s Wisdom, and Kuru Reconciliation. 15 45.7 38:05
| 1 King Dhritarashtra grieved, but Sanjaya consoled him to cast grief. |
| 2 Vidura consoled King Dhritarashtra, saying, "Why grieve? Everything ends." |
| 3 Vidura: "Wise find tranquility by controlling grief and joy." |
| 4 Vidura: "Creatures develop, face evils, and are bound by desires." |
| 5 Vidura's allegory: brahmana's journey through treacherous forest symbolizes life. |
| 6 Vidura explains allegory: wilderness is world, desires are bees seeking. |
| 7 Vidura teaches self-restraint, renunciation, and compassion for liberation. |
| 8 Vyasa consoles Dhritarashtra, reminding him of life's instability and fate. |
| 9 Vidura consoles Dhritarashtra, reminding him of life's fleeting nature. |
| 10 Dhritarashtra, sorrowful, summons ladies, who come, uttering loud wails. |
| 11 Dhritarashtra meets Kripa, Ashvatthama, and Kritavarma, who reveal his son's fall. |
| 12 Dhritarashtra grieves for his sons, breaks iron Bhima statue. |
| 13 Krishna rebukes Dhritarashtra for his faults, and he accepts them. |
| 14 Gandhari grieves for her sons, Vyasa advises forgiveness and peace. |
| 15 Gandhari rebukes Bhima, then comforts Pandavas with Kunti. |
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2 Stri-vilapa. Gandhari’s Battlefield Lament and Kunti’s Revelation of Karna. 12 41.7 34:45
| 16 Gandhari beheld the slaughter and lamented piteously with her eye. |
| 17 Gandhari wept, embracing Duryodhana's blood-covered body, lamenting his fate. |
| 18 Gandhari lamented to Krishna, "My hundred sons, all slain!" |
| 19 Gandhari lamented to Krishna, "My sons lie slain, so young!" |
| 20 Gandhari lamented to Krishna, "Abhimanyu, Arjuna's son, lies slain!" |
| 21 Gandhari lamented, "Karna lies slain, a blazing fire extinguished!" |
| 22 Gandhari lamented, "The lord of Avanti lies slain, vultures feed." |
| 23 Gandhari lamented, "Shalya lies dead, face eaten by crows." |
| 24 Gandhari lamented, "Somadatta's son lies dead, pecked by birds!" |
| 25 Somadatta's son lies dead, pecked by birds, Bhurishrava's arm torn. |
| 26 Gandhari, don't grieve! Duryodhana's actions caused many deaths. |
| 27 Kunti reveals Karna as her son, Yudhishthira mourns his death. |
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12 Santi Parva. Yudhishthira mourns Karna, debates renunciation; Bhishma teaches righteous kingship. 4/265 1,830 40:11:35
1 Rajadharmanusasana. Yudhishthira’s Grief, Renunciation Debate, and Bhishma’s Kingship Teachings. 130 556 7:44
| 1 Yudhishthira grieves for Karna, his secret uterine brother. |
| 2 Narada tells story of Karna, doomed by Brahmana's curse. |
| 3 Rama teaches Karna Brahma weapon, but discovers his true identity. |
| 4 Karna and Duryodhana attend Kalinga princess's self-choice, fight ensues. |
| 5 Karna fought Jarasandha, gained town, but was later slain. |
| 6 Kunti consoled Yudhishthira over Karna's death and revealed past attempts. |
| 7 Yudhishthira grieved for Karna, renouncing the world for redemption. |
| 8 Arjuna spoke, "Oh, king, why abandon earth for poverty?" |
| 9 Yudhishthira renounces worldly pleasures for a righteous forest life. |
| 10 Bhimasena: Renunciation is for the weak, not Kshatriyas like us. |
| 11 Arjuna: Ascetics mistaken, Indra guides them to life of duty. |
| 12 Nakula: Domesticity is superior, give away wealth and restrain soul. |
| 13 Sahadeva: Cast off mental attachments, look upon all as self. |
| 14 Draupadi: "Arise, O king, and enjoy the earth, don't be depressed!" |
| 15 Arjuna: "Chastisement governs, protects, and upholds righteousness and order." |
| 16 Bhimasena: "Conquer thy mind's foe and govern thy kingdom." |
| 17 Yudhishthira: "Renounce desires, practice penances, and attain beatitude." |
| 18 "Rule the Earth, give grace, and support the pious." |
| 19 "Renunciation and Brahma knowledge are superior to wealth and weapons." |
| 20 "Sacrifice is key to happiness, and wealth is the means." |
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| 21 "Contentment is the highest heaven, conquering desires beholds the soul." |
| 22 "Why grieve, O king, when you've obtained sovereignty?" |
| 23 "Arjuna's words are true, domestic duties are essential, Yudhishthira." |
| 24 "Krishna-Dwaipayana told Yudhishthira to rule and protect his subjects." |
| 25 "Vyasa told Yudhishthira to govern with intelligence and sacrifice." |
| 26 "Yudhishthira tells Arjuna wealth isn't key to happiness and heaven." |
| 27 "Yudhishthira lamented, 'I'm a covetous sinner, unfit to live.'" |
| 28 "Joys and griefs attach, robbing reason, in destiny's ocean." |
| 29 "Joys and griefs attach, robbing reason, devoured by time." |
| 30 "Narada and Parvata, two Rishis, cursed and forgave each other." |
| 31 Narada tells Yudhishthira about Suvarnashthivin, king with golden excreta. |
| 32 Vyasa tells Yudhishthira to follow scriptures and perform expiatory acts. |
| 33 Vyasa consoles Yudhishthira, says Time is responsible, not him. |
| 34 Missing |
| 35 Vyasa lists sinful acts and means of expiation to Yudhishthira. |
| 36 Vyasa tells Yudhishthira that sins can be washed away through penances. |
| 37 Yudhishthira asks Vyasa about clean food and worthy gifts. |
| 38 Yudhishthira seeks guidance from Vyasa on duties and morality. |
| 39 Yudhishthira enters city, greeted by citizens and ladies praising Pandavas. |
| 40 Janardana addresses Yudhishthira, saying Brahmanas are gods on earth. |
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| 41 Yudhishthira took his seat on a golden throne, surrounded by. |
| 42 King Yudhishthira: "Serve King Dhritarashtra, our father and god." |
| 43 King Yudhishthira performed Sraddha rites, giving wealth and gems away. |
| 44 King Yudhishthira hailed Krishna, the One Being and soul Universe. |
| 45 King Yudhishthira assigned brothers magnificent palaces, ending their hardships. |
| 46 Yudhishthira regained his kingdom and honored Vidura and Krishna. |
| 47 Krishna praised Bhishma's prowess and knowledge to Yudhishthira. |
| 48 Bhishma thought of Krishna and hymned his praise devoutly. |
| 49 Krishna and Yudhishthira proceeded to Kurukshetra, a haunted battle field. |
| 50 Rama, born to Jamadagni, slew Kshatriyas and filled earth. |
| 51 Vasudeva praised Bhishma's prowess, saying he was equal to gods. |
| 52 Bhishma, filled with joy, addressed Krishna, saying "How can I?" |
| 53 Krishna meditated, performed ablutions, and visited Bhishma with Pandavas. |
| 54 Bhishma, comfortable and clear-headed, ready to discourse on duties. |
| 55 Bhishma offers to discourse on duty, praising Yudhishthira's virtues. |
| 56 Yudhishthira sought guidance on kingly duties from Bhishma. |
| 57 Yudhishthira sought guidance from Bhishma on kingly duties and morality. |
| 58 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on kingly duties, emphasizing protection. |
| 59 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on kingly duties and protection of subjects. |
| 60 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about duties of four social orders. |
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| 61 Bhishma describes four modes of life and their duties. |
| 62 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira to follow righteous path for happiness. |
| 63 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on Brahmana duties and kingly responsibilities. |
| 64 Kingly duties are essential for protecting all creatures, says Bhishma. |
| 65 Kingly duties are essential, says Indra to Mandhatri. |
| 66 A king's duties include justice, gifts, and compassion, says Bhishma. |
| 67 Electing a king is the first duty of a kingdom. |
| 68 The king's duties are the root of all men's duties. |
| 69 A king's duties include self-control, wisdom, and protecting his kingdom. |
| 70 A king should be kind, faithful, brave, and humble always. |
| 71 Protect subjects righteously, be liberal, and observe righteousness, Yudhishthira. |
| 72 Appoint a priest who protects good, punishes wicked, shares merit. |
| 73 King and priest need each other, flourish together, chaos otherwise. |
| 74 King's strength comes from priest, Brahmanas and Kshatriyas work together. |
| 75 King should be liberal, protective, and compassionate, earning merit. |
| 76 Virtuous Brahmanas are equal to Brahma, others are like Sudras. |
| 77 King protects subjects and wealth, except for observant Brahmanas. |
| 78 Bhishma advises Brahmanas on supporting themselves in times of distress. |
| 79 Bhishma lists qualities of ideal priests for sacrifices and penances. |
| 80 Bhishma advises king on ministers, trust, and cautious friendship. |
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2 Apaddharmanusasana. Bhishma’s Extensive Teachings on Kingship, Duty, Renunciation, and Virtue. 43 646.6 8:59
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| 141 Yudhishthira took his seat on a golden throne, coronation began. |
| 142 King Yudhishthira serves King Dhritarashtra, appoints brothers to positions. |
| 143 King Yudhishthira performed Sraddha rites, ruled with virtue and compassion. |
| 144 King Yudhishthira hailed Krishna, the One Being and soul of Universe. |
| 145 King Yudhishthira comforted his brothers, assigning them lavish palaces. |
| 146 Yudhishthira appointed duties, gave generously, and honored Krishna's grace. |
| 147 Krishna praised Bhishma's prowess and knowledge, urging Yudhishthira to approach. |
| 148 Bhishma sought refuge in Krishna, the supreme lord and creator. |
| 149 Hrishikesa and Yudhishthira proceeded to Kurukshetra, a field of bones. |
| 150 Rama, Jamadagni's son, avenged his father's death and slaughtered Kshatriyas. |
| 151 Bhishma, on his bed of arrows, salutes divine Krishna. |
| 152 Bhishma spoke to Krishna, "I'm unable to speak due to wounds." |
| 153 Krishna awoke, meditated on Brahma, and was praised by others. |
| 154 Janamejaya asked about Bhishma's conversation with the Pandavas. |
| 155 Bhishma offers to discourse on duty to Yudhishthira. |
| 156 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about kingly duties and their importance. |
| 157 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on decisive action, justice, wisdom, and protection. |
| 158 Bhishma says protection of subjects is a king's main duty. |
| 159 Bhishma explains kingship arose to maintain order and justice. |
| 160 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about duties of the four orders. |
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| 181 Yudhishthira asks how to win over friends and foes, Bhishma advises. |
| 182 Protect loyal allies; expose corruption; strike cautiously. |
| 183 Choose truthful, brave, wise ministers; keep counsel secret. |
| 184 Win hearts with gentle speech, even when punishing. |
| 185 Rule righteously, protect subjects, appoint worthy, cautious ministers. |
| 186 Build strong city; protect people, treasury, justice. |
| 187 Organize administration, tax fairly, protect subjects wisely. |
| 188 Seek wealth justly; tax gradually; rule without wrath. |
| 189 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on kingcraft, protection, and support for all. |
| 190 Bhishma advises King Mandhatri to uphold righteousness and justice. |
| 191 King Mandhatri should act virtuously, protect subjects, and uphold righteousness. |
| 192 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about a righteous king's duties and behavior. |
| 193 Vamadeva advises King Vasumanas to set a good example always. |
| 194 Vamadeva advises king to win victories without battles for greatness. |
| 195 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira to fight battles with fair and righteous means. |
| 196 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira to conquer with righteous means always. |
| 197 Kings attain felicity through sacrifices, gifts, and brave deeds. |
| 198 Bravery in battle is a form of sacrifice, earning felicity. |
| 199 King Janaka shows warriors heaven and hell before battle. |
| 200 Bhishma advises kings on leading troops to battle effectively. |
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| 201 Bhishma describes regional warriors' traits and heroic characteristics. |
| 202 Bhishma lists signs of army's success and advises peaceful means. |
| 203 Bhishma cites Vrihaspati's advice on handling different types of foes. |
| 204 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira to seek felicity in solitude and simplicity. |
| 205 The sage advises the king to renounce pride and humble himself. |
| 206 King refuses deceit, seeks righteousness, forms alliance with Videhas ruler. |
| 207 Bhishma advises king to unite with courageous men, avoid strife. |
| 208 Worship and serve mother, father, and preceptor, says Bhishma. |
| 209 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on virtue, truth, and falsehood's complexity. |
| 210 Follow scriptural duties, cultivate virtues, and seek refuge in Narayana. |
| 211 A jackal, formerly a cruel king, becomes compassionate and truthful. |
| 212 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira to avoid idleness and use intelligence. |
| 213 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about facing powerful foes without aids. |
| 214 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma how to respond to harsh speeches. |
| 215 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about the duties of a king. |
| 216 Bhishma tells story of sage and dog transformed into leopard. |
| 217 Dog transformed into various animals, becomes ungrateful, returns to form. |
| 218 King should appoint qualified ministers, exercise supervision, and protect subjects. |
| 219 Appoint servants to fitting offices, says Bhishma to the king. |
| 220 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on kingly duties: protection and adaptability. |
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| 221 Chastisement is the lord of everything, embodiment of righteousness. |
| 222 Bhishma tells story of King Vasuhoma and origin of Chastisement. |
| 223 Yudhishthira asks about Virtue, Wealth, and Pleasure's interconnectedness. |
| 224 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about acquiring virtuous behavior and prosperity. |
| 225 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about Hope and its elusive nature. |
| 226 King Sumitra meets ascetics, seeking wisdom on the nature of Hope. |
| 227 Rishabha meets Tanu, an emaciated Rishi, in Nara's asylum. |
| 228 King Viradyumna searches for lost son, meets ascetic Tanu. |
| 229 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma to discourse on morality and truth. |
| 230 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about a king's conduct in distress. |
| 231 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about a weak king's actions in distress. |
| 232 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about living without righteous rule. |
| 233 Bhishma advises king to fill treasury for religious merit. |
| 234 Bhishma advises Kshatriyas to prioritize power and wealth for duty. |
| 235 Bhishma tells story of Kayavya, robber who followed Kshatriya duties. |
| 236 Bhishma advises kings to take wealth from non-religious for treasury. |
| 237 Bhishma tells story of three fish friends: foresight, adaptability, procrastination. |
| 238 Bhishma advised Yudhishthira on strategy, alliances, and seeking wise counsel for prosperity. |
| 239 Bhishma tells story of Pujani, bird who sought revenge. |
| 240 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on kinghood, citing Bharadwaja's wise words. |
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| 241 Bhishma tells Viswamitra's story to Yudhishthira for guidance. |
| 242 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira to use wisdom and respect Brahmanas. |
| 243 Bhishma tells story of pigeon protecting foe, illustrating mercy. |
| 244 Pigeon laments wife's absence, praises her devotion and constant love. |
| 245 She-pigeon advises husband to help fowler, prioritizing virtue and duty. |
| 246 Pigeon sacrifices himself to feed fowler, transforming his heart. |
| 247 Fowler transformed by pigeon's sacrifice, vows to practice righteousness. |
| 248 She-pigeon reunites with husband in afterlife, joyful and honored. |
| 249 Fowler seeks redemption, dies in fire, and attains heavenly success. |
| 250 King Janamejaya kills Brahmana, seeks redemption for his sin. |
| 251 Janamejaya seeks redemption, pledges to never harm Brahmanas again. |
| 252 Saunaka advises Janamejaya to cultivate righteousness and perform horse-sacrifice. |
| 253 Bhishma tells story of child restored to life by Sankara. |
| 254 Bhishma tells story of Salmali and Pavana's protective friendship. |
| 255 Narada scolds Salmali for boasting and withholding worship from Wind. |
| 256 Wind god approaches Salmali in rage, but Salmali is unfazed. |
| 257 The Salmali tree cut off its branches, surrendering to Wind. |
| 258 Covetousness is the root of all sin, says Bhishma. |
| 259 Bhishma says ignorance originates from covetousness, root of all misery. |
| 260 Bhishma says self-restraint is highest duty, leading to great merit. |
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| 261 Bhishma says penance is the root of everything, essential for success. |
| 262 Bhishma says truth is eternal duty, highest refuge, and righteousness. |
| 263 Bhishma explains origins of vices to Yudhishthira, true knowledge conquers. |
| 264 Bhishma describes malevolent individuals as slanderous, mean, and deceitful. |
| 265 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira to support impoverished Brahmanas and sacrifices. |
| 266 Bhishma tells Nakula the sword's origin and its purpose. |
| 267 Yudhishthira and brothers discuss Virtue, Wealth, and Desire's importance. |
| 268 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on forming friendships and alliances. |
| 269 Gautama finds heavenly spot, meets bird Rajadharman, receives hospitality. |
| 270 Rajadharman helps Gautama, a poor Brahmana, acquire wealth from king. |
| 271 Gautama, a poor Brahmana, considers harming crane for food. |
| 272 Gautama slew crane Rajadharman, despite his kindness and hospitality. |
| 273 Rajadharman revived by Surabhi's milk, reunites with Gautama. |
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3 Mokshadharma. Bhishma’s Discourses on Detachment, Cosmology, Kingship, and Emancipation. 128 747.4 10:35
| 274 Bhishma advises detachment to overcome grief and attain tranquility. |
| 275 Bhishma shares Medhavin's story, urging virtue and self-restraint. |
| 276 Bhishma advocates for renunciation, citing its liberating power. |
| 277 Manki's story teaches renouncing attachment and desire for happiness. |
| 278 Bhishma shares stories to teach freedom from attachments and desires. |
| 279 Prahlada and Ajagara's story teaches simplicity and detachment. |
| 280 Wisdom is the greatest refuge, says Bhishma to Yudhishthira. |
| 281 Virtuous acts lead to happiness, sinful acts lead to suffering. |
| 282 Manasa, the Primeval Being, created the universe and all things. |
| 283 Brahman created by fiat of will, first creating water. |
| 284 The five elements are infinite, vast, and create all objects. |
| 285 Heat resides in the head, protecting the body, causing exertion. |
| 286 Bharadwaja questions life's value, significance, and continuation after death. |
| 287 The Soul transforms, migrates, and witnesses, feeling pleasure and pain. |
| 288 Brahman created four orders equally, distinguished by actions and qualities. |
| 289 Characteristics, not birth, define one's order, leading to Brahma. |
| 290 Truth is Brahma, creating and upholding the universe, leading to happiness. |
| 291 Four modes of life: study, domestic, forest, and renunciation. |
| 292 Forest recluses and Parivrajakas live ascetic lives, free from attachment. |
| 293 Good conduct involves purity, sun worship, and right eating habits. |
| 294 Adhyatma: Supreme Soul creates and destroys, witnesses all beings. |
| 295 Bhishma explains four kinds of yoga meditation to Yudhishthira. |
| 296 Yudhishthira asks about fruits of silent recitation, Bhishma explains benefits. |
| 297 Bhishma explains Reciters' faults and consequences, including hell and rebirth. |
| 298 Bhishma describes hell for Reciters, Supreme Soul's region is supreme. |
| 299 A Brahmana, devoted to Gayatri recitation, chose it over heaven despite deities' urging. |
| 300 Bhishma describes Brahmana and monarch's equal rewards and shared end. |
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| 301 Bhishma narrates discourse between Manu and Vrihaspati on knowledge. |
| 302 Manu explains the universe's origin and the soul's journey. |
| 303 Manu describes the Soul as the silent Witness, omniscient. |
| 304 Manu explains the Soul's nature and its relationship with senses. |
| 305 Manu advises against brooding over sorrow, recommends wisdom and self-restraint. |
| 306 Manu explains uniting senses and mind reveals supreme Brahma. |
| 307 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma to describe Vishnu, the Creator and origin. |
| 308 Yudhishthira asks about the first Prajapatis and Rishis, Bhishma explains. |
| 309 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about Krishna's energy and great feats. |
| 310 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about the highest yoga for emancipation. |
| 311 Bhishma explains the cycle of rebirth and the eternal Soul. |
| 312 Bhishma advises abandoning earthly attachments to attain emancipation. |
| 313 Bhishma explains Passion and Darkness lead to sorrow and bondage. |
| 314 Bhishma explains knowledge and scriptures can conquer the senses. |
| 315 Attachment to sensory objects leads to helplessness, detachment to freedom. |
| 316 A yogin should abandon sleep and dreams, influenced by passion. |
| 317 To know Brahma, understand four topics: dreams, slumber, attributes, transcendence. |
| 318 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about Janaka's path to emancipation, seeking knowledge. |
| 319 Bhishma tells Yudhishthira about Janadeva's conversation with Panchasikha. |
| 320 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about path to happiness and freedom. |
| 321 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about eating sacrifices' remnants and penance. |
| 322 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about man's role in his own actions. |
| 323 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about living on after losing prosperity. |
| 324 Vali, now an ass, advises Indra on the fleeting nature. |
| 325 Sree, goddess of Prosperity, deserts Vali and chooses Indra. |
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| 326 Namuchi remains untroubled, accepting his fate with wisdom and cheer. |
| 327 Yudhishthira seeks advice; Bhishma emphasizes fortitude and understanding Time’s power. |
| 328 Sree, goddess of prosperity, leaves Asuras for Indra's virtues. |
| 329 Wise men attain Brahma, unperturbed by praise or blame. |
| 330 Narada is learned, humble, and free from pride and malice. |
| 331 Bhishma shares Vyasa's explanation: Brahma exists before creation and cycles. |
| 332 Brahma creates universe with Avidya, leading to Mahat and Mind. |
| 333 Universal dissolution: Suns and flames burn, consuming the universe. |
| 334 A Brahmana's duties include studying Vedas and making gifts. |
| 335 A Brahmana's duties include knowledge, restraint, sacrifice, and self-control. |
| 336 Knowledge and self-restraint lead to emancipation, says Vyasa. |
| 337 Vyasa: Knowledge is key to emancipation, surpassing natural causes. |
| 338 Vyasa: Acts lead to knowledge and emancipation, Yogins believe Brahma. |
| 339 Success in attaining Brahma comes through knowledge, penance, sense control, renunciation, and perceiving the Soul within all beings. |
| 340 Vyasa: Unite intellect, mind, and senses to attain knowledge. |
| 341 Suka asks about contradictory Vedic declarations, acts vs. knowledge. |
| 342 Suka asks Vyasa about contradictory Vedic declarations on acts. |
| 343 Vyasa explains householder duties: store grain, worship guests, self-restraint. |
| 344 Bhishma explains Vanaprastha and Renunciation modes of life. |
| 345 Suka asks Vyasa about attaining knowledge through Yoga and solitude. |
| 346 Vyasa explains Jiva-soul and Supreme Soul's relationship and concealment. |
| 347 Vyasa explains Adhyatma as five great entities forming all creatures. |
| 348 Mind creates ideas, understanding settles, and heart discriminates agreeability. |
| 349 Understanding creates objects, Soul presides, and wisdom brings happiness. |
| 350 Restrain senses, concentrate mind, and behold the blazing Soul within. |
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| 351 True Brahmana transcends desire, achieving knowledge of the Soul. |
| 352 Vyasa teaches Adhyatma, explaining elements and attributes leading to Emancipation. |
| 353 Vyasa explains the subtle Soul and Supreme cause of universe. |
| 354 Vyasa describes a tree of Desire born from Error. |
| 355 Bhishma explains properties of elements, mind, and understanding. |
| 356 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about life and death after battle. |
| 357 Sthanu pleads with Brahman to spare created beings from death. |
| 358 Narada tells story of Death's origin, consoles Yudhishthira about son. |
| 359 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about righteousness and its sources. |
| 360 Yudhishthira questions how to determine duty and righteousness amidst complexity. |
| 361 Bhishma tells Yudhishthira about Jajali's penances and his pride. |
| 362 Tuladhara advocates for universal friendliness and harmlessness to all creatures. |
| 363 Tuladhara advocates for non-violent sacrifice and mental self-reflection. |
| 364 Tuladhara emphasizes importance of faith and non-injury to Jajali. |
| 365 King Vichakhy condemns animal slaughter, praising harmlessness as highest duty. |
| 366 Chirakarin reflects on contradictory obligations, delays acting, earns praise. |
| 367 King Satyavat suggests gentle punishment, considering offence and morality. |
| 368 Kapila and cow discuss authoritativeness of Vedas and sacrifice. |
| 369 Kapila and Syumarasmi debate existence and path to emancipation. |
| 370 Kapila and Syumarasmi debate path to emancipation and Brahma. |
| 371 Bhishma tells story of Kundadhara, a Cloud granting virtue. |
| 372 Bhishma tells story of Satya, a Brahmana who performed sacrifices. |
| 373 Bhishma explains sin, virtue, renunciation, and emancipation to Yudhishthira. |
| 374 Bhishma explains means to achieve Emancipation to Yudhishthira. |
| 375 Narada and Asita-Devala discuss the universe's creation and essence. |
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| 376 Yudhishthira seeks to dispel thirst for wealth after sinful deeds. |
| 377 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about source of good amidst time's terror. |
| 378 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about attaining Brahma's place through self-control. |
| 379 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about achieving a sorrow-free life of Renunciation. |
| 380 Usanas praises Vishnu's greatness, Sanatkumara explains universe's resting place. |
| 381 Yudhishthira asks about Vritra's battle with Indra and his defeat. |
| 382 Indra slew Vritra, but Brahmanicide's sin pursued him fiercely. |
| 383 Fever originated from Mahadeva's sweat when he was angry. |
| 384 Daksha's Horse-sacrifice destroyed for omitting Mahadeva's invitation. |
| 385 Yudhishthira asked for the names by which Daksha worshipped the deity. Bhishma recounted Daksha's hymn. Mahadeva, pleased, granted boons and forgiveness. |
| 386 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about Adhyatma, the science of the self. |
| 387 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about preventing sorrow and death, citing Samanga. |
| 388 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about what is beneficial for the soul. |
| 389 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about behavior, Bhishma shares Arishtanemi's advice. |
| 390 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about Usanas, a celestial Rishi's story. |
| 391 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about beneficial acts for happiness. |
| 392 Parasara advises using body and mind for knowledge and righteousness. |
| 393 Parasara says people act for personal gain, but righteousness is eternal. |
| 394 Parasara advises Sudras to serve other classes and be righteous. |
| 395 Righteous wealth praised; avoid lust, wrath; uphold virtue. |
| 396 Parasara discusses penances, leading to heaven and happiness for all. |
| 397 Janaka asks Parasara about the origin of different classes. |
| 398 Parasara advises devotion to seniors and respecting one's sire. |
| 399 Janaka asks Parasara about path to
happiness and success. |
| 400 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about virtues, citing truth and self-restraint. |
| 401 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about Sankhya and Yoga philosophies. |
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4 Sankhya, Yoga, Narayana, and the Path to Emancipation. 64 397.8 5:31:30
| 402 Sankhya teaches detachment, knowledge, and union with Supreme Soul. |
| 403 Prakriti creates destructible world; Vishnu transcends as Indestructible. |
| 404 Soul, deluded by ignorance, cycles through births endlessly. |
| 405 Vasishtha explains Jiva's repeated births and deaths due to ignorance. |
| 406 Janaka asks Vasishtha about male and female, Purusha and Prakriti. |
| 407 Janaka asks Vasishtha to clarify Unity and multiplicity concepts. |
| 408 Vasishtha explains Vidya and Avidya, describing Sankhya philosophy and Jiva. |
| 409 Vasishtha explains difference between Buddhas and Abuddha, Supreme Soul and Jiva. |
| 410 King Vasuman meets Rishi, advised to pursue righteousness and virtue. |
| 411 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about nature of reality and creation. |
| 412 Yajnavalkya explains time and creation, Mind leads the Senses. |
| 413 Yajnavalkya describes destruction of universe by Brahman and Sambhu. |
| 414 Yajnavalkya explains Adhyatma, Adhibhuta, and Adhidaivata, and Prakriti's attributes. |
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| 415 Yajnavalkya explains Prakriti's attributes and Purusha's various forms. |
| 416 Yajnavalkya explains Purusha and Prakriti, their distinctness and relationship. |
| 417 Yajnavalkya explains Yoga science, equivalent to Sankhya philosophy. |
| 418 Praise Indra and Visnu, mighty heroes, with Soma juice offering. |
| 419 Yajnavalkya obtained Vedas from Surya, who commanded Saraswati to enter his body, granting profound knowledge. |
| 420 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma how to avoid death and decrepitude. |
| 421 Yudhishthira asked about Emancipation. Bhishma recounted Janaka and Sulabha's discourse. Sulabha tested Janaka's detachment using Yoga. |
| 422 Yudhishthira asked about Suka's renunciation. Bhishma answered, Vyasa taught Suka: "Endure, practice righteousness, and seek preceptors." |
| 423 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about gifts, sacrifices, and penances' efficacy. |
| 424 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about Suka, son of Vyasa's penances. |
| 425 Bhishma tells story of Suka's divine birth and spiritual growth. |
| 426 Suka seeks Emancipation, travels to Mithila, meets King Janaka. |
| 427 King Janaka teaches Suka about Emancipation and transcending attachments. |
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| 428 Suka goes to Himavat, meets Vyasa, and disciples seek boon. |
| 429 Vyasa's disciples leave, and Narada visits, prompting Vedic recitation. |
| 430 Narada visits Suka, seeking wisdom on spiritual growth and liberation. |
| 431 Narada says, "Listen to scriptures for tranquility and happiness." |
| 432 Narada says, "Transitions of happiness and sorrow are inevitable." |
| 433 Suka, Vyasa's son, sat on a mountain summit and meditated. |
| 434 Suka, a regenerate Rishi, dwelt in Brahma like a fire. |
| 435 Narayana explained the minute Soul (Kshetrajna) as ultimate reality. |
| 436 Narada sought universe's secrets from Narayana, king Uparichara's story. |
| 437 King Uparichara performed horse sacrifice, Vrihaspati angry at Narayana. |
| 438 King Vasu fell from heaven due to Rishis' curse. |
| 439 Narada worshipped Narayana's devotees on White Island, reciting hymns. |
| 440 Narada worshipped Narayana's devotees, reciting hymns on White Island. |
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| 441 Narayana creates, sustains, and dissolves the universe. |
| 442 Kesava explains diverse names of Hari, Supreme Soul and universe. |
| 443 Krishna explains Agni, Shoma origins and sacrificial cosmic order. |
| 444 Saunaka asks Sauti about narrative of Narayana and his journey. |
| 445 Nara and
Narayana praise Narada for beholding Narayana's majesty. |
| 446 Narada worships Vishnu, who created Pitris as a boar. |
| 447 Narada devoted to Narayana, supreme soul and refuge. |
| 448 Vishnu's horse-head form recovered stolen Vedas from Madhu and Kaitabha. |
| 449 Vaisampayana explained the religion of devotion, dear to Narayana. |
| 450 Narayana created Brahma, who created the universe and Vedas. |
| 451 Brahma meditated on the infinite, supreme Purusha, the universe itself. |
| 452 The supreme Purusha is eternal, immutable, and pervades all things. |
| 453 Vaisampayana shared a story about duties leading to emancipation. |
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| 454 A Brahmana sought guidance on duties and path to heaven. |
| 455 A mighty Naga, Padmanabha, dwells in the city of Naimisha. |
| 456 "Your words bring me comfort, like a heavy load lifted." |
| 457 The Brahmana arrived at the Naga's house, proclaiming his presence. |
| 458 Nagas persuaded the Brahmana to eat, offering hospitality and food. |
| 459 The Naga chief returned home, his wife greeted him. |
| 460 Naga chief questions wife about Brahmana, decides to see him. |
| 461 Naga chief meets Brahmana Dharmaranya, who seeks spiritual guidance. |
| 462 Naga describes a being merging with the sun's disc. |
| 463 Surya says the Being is a Brahmana who attained heaven. |
| 464 Missing |
| 465 Brahmana thanks Naga, decides to follow Unccha vow, departs. |
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13 Anusasana Parva. Bhishma teaches dharma: honor Brahmanas, give wisely, praise Mahadeva. 2/168 1,137 24:19:08
1 Anusasanika. Bhishma’s Tales on Dharma, Brahmanas, and Divine Praise. 35 315.5 4:24
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| 29 Matanga seeks Brahmana status, practices penances, and gains new powers. |
| 30 Vitahavya, a Kshatriya, becomes a Brahmana through Bhrigu's grace. |
| 31 Narada worships Brahmanas devoted to deities, penances, and righteousness. |
| 32 King Vrishadarbha protected a pigeon, even cutting off his flesh. |
| 33 Worshipping Brahmanas is a king's foremost act, says Bhishma. |
| 34 Worshipping Brahmanas leads to prosperity, fame, and knowledge, says Bhishma. |
| 35 Bhishma praised Brahmanas as objects of adoration and mouths of deities. |
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2 Anusasanika. Bhishma’s Teachings on Gifts, Kine, Dharma, and Devotion. 133 822 11:25
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| 41 Vipula protects Ruchi from Indra's seduction attempt using yoga powers. |
| 42 Vipula, proud of his ascetic merit, encounters disputing couples. |
| 43 Vipula protects his preceptor's wife, praised for his bravery. |
| 44 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on bestowing daughters in marriage wisely. |
| 45 Bhishma advises on inheritance, marriage, and daughter's rights. |
| 46 Bhishma quotes Daksha, saying women deserve respect and protection. |
| 47 Bhishma explains inheritance rules to Yudhishthira, prioritizing same-order spouses. |
| 48 Bhishma explains
duties of mixed castes to Yudhishthira. |
| 49 Bhishma explains birth and disposition to Yudhishthira, citing actions. |
| 50 Bhishma tells story of Rishi Chyavana's compassion for fish. |
| 51 King Nahusha finds Rishi Chyavana enmeshed with fish, showing compassion. |
| 52 Yudhishthira asks about Rama's birth and his Kshatriya status. |
| 53 King and queen remain devoted to Rishi despite tests. |
| 54 King Kusika approaches Rishi's golden mansion, sees heavenly wonders. |
| 55 Chyavana explains motives, promises king's grandson will be powerful ascetic. |
| 56 Chyavana explains prophecy, grants king's wish for Brahmanahood. |
| 57 Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on penances, gifts, and good deeds. |
| 58 Digging tanks and planting trees leads to heavenly rewards. |
| 59 Gifts to Brahmanas are best, leading to heaven and salvation. |
| 60 Gifts to unsoliciting Brahmanas are more meritorious, says Bhishma. |
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| 61 Gifts and sacrifices to righteous Brahmanas lead to merit and prosperity. |
| 62 Gift of earth is foremost, yielding all good things. |
| 63 Food is the best gift, source of energy and strength. |
| 64 Make gifts under specific constellations for happiness and merit. |
| 65 Gifts of gold, ghee, and water bring merit and prosperity. |
| 66 Gifts to Brahmanas bring protection, prosperity, and merit, says Bhishma. |
| 67 Gifts of food and drink are superior, sustaining life and energy. |
| 68 Yama praises gifts of sesame, water, lamps, gems, and robes. |
| 69 Kine are sacred, bestowing happiness and prosperity, and deserve worship. |
| 70 Taking a Brahmana's property leads to destruction, warns Bhishma. |
| 71 Nachiketa learns about gifts of kine from Yama in heaven. |
| 72 Yudhishthira seeks knowledge on regions of kine and their merits. |
| 73 Grandsire describes regions of kine and merits of gifting kine. |
| 74 Stealing or selling a cow leads to hell, gold is best. |
| 75 Completing vows leads to felicity, self-restraint superior to gift. |
| 76 Gift of kine leads to eternal felicity, highest in merit. |
| 77 Giving away Kapila cows is most meritorious, due to their energy. |
| 78 Kine are sacred, a refuge and source of prosperity and blessing. |
| 79 Giving away kine leads to honors in various heavenly regions. |
| 80 Kine are sacred, the mothers of the universe, and the refuge. |
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| 81 Kine are the most sacred objects, upholding and cleansing all. |
| 82 Sri resides in cow dung due to kine's kindness. |
| 83 Kine are essential for sacrifice and uphold all creatures. |
| 84 Gold is superior, eternal, and highly valued for its cleansing properties. |
| 85 Gold is superior, eternal, and highly valued for its cleansing properties. |
| 86 Karttikeya, born from Agni's seed, slew the Asura Taraka. |
| 87 Bhishma explains the Sraddha ceremony and its benefits to Yudhishthira. |
| 88 Bhishma lists offerings to Pitris, their durations, and benefits. |
| 89 Bhishma explains optional Sraddhas under different constellations for various benefits. |
| 90 Bhishma advises careful selection of Brahmanas for Sraddha offerings. |
| 91 Nimi conceived the Sraddha ritual to honor his deceased son. |
| 92 Pitris suffered indigestion, sought help from the Self-born Brahman. |
| 93 "Indra stole lotus stalks. Rishis took oaths to prove innocence. Indra admitted theft to learn about duties. Agastya forgave him. The Rishis continued their journey." |
| 94 Rishis took oaths to uphold righteousness after Agastya's stalks stolen. |
| 95 Jamadagni's anger at sun's heat led to custom's introduction. |
| 96 Jamadagni spares Surya, receives umbrella and sandals as remedy. |
| 97 Householder should worship, sacrifice, and offer hospitality to attain prosperity. |
| 98 Offering flowers, incense, and lamps brings prosperity and celestial bliss. |
| 99 Nahusha's pride led to his downfall from divine position. |
| 100 Nahusha's pride led to his downfall and transformation into snake. |
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| 101 Stealing from Brahmanas leads to suffering, emancipation through self-sacrifice. |
| 102 Gautama retrieves his elephant from Indra's grasp, attains heavenly regions. |
| 103 not there |
| 104 "Yudhishthira asked Bhishma why humans die young, and how to attain longevity, fame, and wealth. Bhishma explained that conduct determines lifespan, prosperity, and reputation. Improper conduct leads to a short life, while good conduct ensures longevity and success." |
| 105 "Eldest brother should be patient and understanding towards younger brothers." |
| 106 Fasts are ordained for Brahmanas and Kshatriyas, says Angiras. |
| 107 Fasts and good conduct ensure heavenly rewards, longevity, and prosperity. |
| 108 Manasa is the most sacred Tirtha, with Truth as its waters. |
| 109 Fasting and worshiping Krishna leads to merits equal to sacrifices. |
| 110 Chandravrata vow grants beauty, prosperity, and happiness, says Bhishma. |
| 111 Righteousness determines favorable rebirth; misdeeds lead to suffering and lower forms. |
| 112 Making gifts of food leads to merit and cleanses sin. |
| 113 Vrihaspati advises Yudhishthira to practice universal compassion and kindness. |
| 114 Bhishma explains the religion of compassion to Yudhishthira. |
| 115 Bhishma explains abstaining from meat is the highest religion. |
| 116 Bhishma explains abstaining from flesh shows compassion to all creatures. |
| 117 Bhishma shares a story about a worm's past life. |
| 118 Vyasa tells worm its memories are due to his penance. |
| 119 Vyasa guides Kshatriya, formerly a worm, to attain eternal Brahma. |
| 120 King Nriga suffered for taking a Brahmana's cow, Krishna rescued. |
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| 121 Nachiketa learns about gifts of kine from Yama in underworld. |
| 122 Yudhishthira asks Bhishma about regions of kine and their virtues. |
| 123 The Grandsire describes regions of kine, where righteous individuals dwell. |
| 124 Stealing or selling a cow leads to suffering in hell. |
| 125 Self-restraint and truth are meritorious, leading to heavenly rewards. |
| 126 Gift of kine is highest in merit, rescues giver's race. |
| 127 Giving away virtuous kine cleanses sins, leads to felicity. |
| 128 Kine are sacred, fragrant, and the source of all blessings. |
| 129 Kine practiced austerities to become best Dakshina in sacrifices. |
| 130 Kine are sacred, yielders of ghee and milk, most virtuous. |
| 131 Kine are sacred, grantors of wishes, and essential for sacrifices. |
| 132 Sri, goddess of wealth, resides in cow dung and urine. |
| 133 Kine are essential for sacrifice and uphold all creatures. |
| 134 Rituals with blue bull's horns and full moon offerings confer merits. |
| 135 Brahmanas can accept food from Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, or Vaisyas. |
| 136 Bhishma explains expiations for Brahmana accepting different foods and valuables. |
| 137 Bhishma shares stories of princes who attained heaven through charity. |
| 138 Bhishma explains five types of gifts: merit, profit, fear, choice, pity. |
| 139 Bhishma tells story of Krishna's vow and fiery manifestation. |
| 140 Narada narrates discourse between Sankara and Uma on Himavat. |
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14 Aswamedha Parva. Yudhishthira performs horse-sacrifice; Arjuna conquers, Krishna restores Parikshit. 2/92 329 7:20:12
| 1 Aswamedhika. Yudhishthira Consoled: Sacrifice, Duty, and Righteous Kingship Restored. 15 45.3 37:45
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2 Anugita. Renunciation, Adhyatma Teachings, Krishna’s Deeds, and Horse-Sacrifice Triumph. 77 277.2 3:51
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| 21 Brahmana explains ten Hotris and libations to his wife. |
| 22 Seven sacrificing priests: nose, eye, tongue, skin, ear, mind, and understanding. |
| 23 Five sacrificing priests: Prana, Apana, Udana, Samana, and Vyana. |
| 24 Narada and Devamata discuss life-winds and their paired movements. |
| 25 Chaturhotra sacrifice explained, with four sacrificing priests and seven senses. |
| 26 One Ruler, Preceptor, and guide reside in the heart, teaching all. |
| 27 Brahmana enters forest of Brahman, transcending worldly joy and sorrow. |
| 28 Brahmana transcends senses, discusses sacrifice with Yati and Adhwaryu. |
| 29 King Karttaviryya-Arjuna conquered Earth, fought Ocean, and met Rama. |
| 30 Alarka, a royal sage, conquered Earth and found inner peace. |
| 31 King Amvarisha said cupidity is the greatest vice to conquer. |
| 32 King Janaka realizes everything is both his and not his. |
| 33 Brahmana: "I'm not bound, I pervade the universe, destroying all." |
| 34 Brahmana's wife seeks knowledge, Krishna reveals himself as the answer. |
| 35 Arjuna asks Vasudeva about Brahma, the highest object of knowledge. |
| 36 Brahma explains three qualities: Darkness, Passion, and Goodness exist. |
| 37 Brahman explains quality of Passion: injuring, beauty, pleasure, and pain. |
| 38 Brahmana describes quality of Goodness: joy, satisfaction, nobility, enlightenment. |
| 39 Darkness, Passion, and Goodness are interconnected and exist in union. |
| 40 Mahat, the Great Soul, is the source of all qualities. |
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| 41 Egoism creates five great elements, causing delusion and ignorance. |
| 42 Missing |
| 43 Prajapati is lord of all creatures, Vishnu is king of kings. |
| 44 The sun, fire, Prajapati, and Om are the first of each. |
| 45 Brahmana describes the wheel of life with understanding as strength. |
| 46 Brahmacharin should study, live a life of penance, and subsist. |
| 47 Brahmana says Renunciation is penance, leading to supreme Brahman goal. |
| 48 Brahmana describes Brahman as transcendent, free from distress, and immortal. |
| 49 Rishis ask which duty is most worthy, noting contradictory views. |
| 50 Brahmana explains abstention from harm and knowledge as highest happiness. |
| 51 Mind controls elements, individual soul drives chariot of senses. |
| 52 Krishna and Dhananjaya journeyed to the elephant city, praising Krishna. |
| 53 Krishna departed, and the Pandavas embraced him, looking back. |
| 54 Krishna revealed the Adhyatma, explaining three qualities depend on him. |
| 55 Utanka recognized Krishna, asked to see his sovereign form. |
| 56 Utanka's devotion to Gautama and his subsequent quest for ear-rings. |
| 57 Utanka meets King Saudasa, asks for celestial ear-rings. |
| 58 Utanka retrieves jewelled ear-rings with help from Indra and fire. |
| 59 Krishna returns to Dwaraka, greeted by relatives and parents. |
| 60 Krishna describes the battle between Kurus and Pandavas to Vasudeva. |
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| 61 Krishna describes Abhimanyu's brave fight and heroic death to Vasudeva. |
| 62 Vasudeva performs rites for Abhimanyu, Vyasa consoles the Pandavas. |
| 63 Yudhishthira follows Vyasa's advice to obtain Marutta's wealth. |
| 64 The Pandavas set out cheerfully, praised by eulogists and bards. |
| 65 Yudhishthira made offerings to Mahadeva, then excavated the treasure. |
| 66 Krishna returns to Kuru capital, revives stillborn Parikshit, fulfills vow. |
| 67 Subhadra begs Krishna to revive Abhimanyu's dead son, fulfilling vow. |
| 68 Krishna enters lying-in room, Uttara begs him to revive Parikshit. |
| 69 Uttara laments, Krishna promises to revive her child, and does. |
| 70 Krishna withdraws Brahma-weapon, child moves, Pandavas return with wealth. |
| 71 Vasudeva meets Pandavas, they enter city, worship elders, and sacrifice. |
| 72 Yudhishthira agrees to sacrifice, Arjuna to protect the horse. |
| 73 Yudhishthira initiated, horse let loose, Arjuna follows with bow Gandiva. |
| 74 Arjuna battles Trigartas, resists their attack, and they submit. |
| 75 Bhagadatta's son seized the horse, Arjuna pursued and defeated him. |
| 76 Vajradatta battles Arjuna, seeking to avenge his father's death. |
| 77 Arjuna battled Saindhavas, who sought revenge for their clan's slaughter. |
| 78 Arjuna fought Saindhavas, spared lives, and showed mercy to queen. |
| 79 Vabhruvahana fought Arjuna, his father, in a fierce battle. |
| 80 Chitrangada grieves, Ulupi revives Arjuna with a gem. |
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| 81 Ulupi expiates Arjuna's sin, fulfilling Vasus' prophecy. |
| 82 Arjuna battles Meghasandhi, spares his life, and proceeds onward. |
| 83 Arjuna follows steed, battles kings, and meets Vasudeva in Dwaravati. |
| 84 Arjuna battles Gandharas, spares king, and shows kindness afterwards. |
| 85 Yudhishthira prepares for sacrifice as Arjuna returns with horse. |
| 86 Yudhishthira honors kings, Krishna arrives, and Arjuna's message is shared. |
| 87 Yudhishthira asks Krishna about Arjuna's hardships, Arjuna arrives triumphantly. |
| 88 Vabhruvahana meets Kunti, others; Yudhishthira begins Horse-sacrifice. |
| 89 Vaisampayana said, "Horse sacrificed, Yudhishthira cleansed of sin, gave gold." |
| 90 Janamejaya said, "Tell me of any wonderful incident during my grandsires' sacrifice." |
| 91 Janamejaya asks about mongoose depreciating Yudhishthira's Horse-sacrifice. |
| 92 Janamejaya asks about wealth and sacrifice, Vaisampayana tells Agastya's story. |
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| 15 Asramavasa Parva. Dhritarashtra retires; Vyasa reunites dead; forest fire ends lives. 3/79 126 2:45:06
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| 16 Mausala Parva. Vrishnis destroyed; Krishna departs; Arjuna grieves Dwaraka’s fall. 1/8 36 43:00
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| 17 Mahaprasthanika Parva. Pandavas renounce kingdom; journey north; Yudhishthira attains Heaven. 1/3 16 16:39
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| 18 Svargarohanika Parva. Yudhishthira tested in hell; illusion ends; heroes ascend Heaven. 1/6 39 47:18
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